Press translations [Japan]. Social Series 0193, 1946-01-24.

Extracts:

The prefectural authorities have decided on an outline of education in the young men's schools and informed every master of young men's school in the cities and villages on 14 January.

The aim of education for young men hereafter is to construct a cultural country through education in citizenship, science and technical subjects, labor problems, etc. The whole scheme for the revision of teaching and study will be formally announced in detail in directives given by the Education Ministry.

The outline of young men's school education is as follows:

• 1.A new type of education so as to construct a cultural and peaceful country is planned along the lines of the Imperial Rescript on education and the Imperial edict at the end of the war.
• 2 .Regarding teaching and study, ethics and civics should be directed toward maintaining the fundamental character of JAPAN and morality, especially inculcating education for citizenship, which is useful for social and political life. The teaching of a general knowledge of science, art, and culture, which are to be the basis of the construction of cultural JAPAN, should also be given. The teaching of professional subjects should be attempted in order to coordinate science and technical subjects. Great importance should be attached to practice and to bringing out those talents that can rationally manage enterprises in which labor is concered. The teaching of domestic knowledge should mainly aim at practical guidance in domestic and social life, fitted to the present needs of Japanese womanhood. Gymnastics should be taught so as to promote team spirit and fair play.
• 3.Teaching and exercises in detail should be devised so as to fit actual conditions.
• 4.The organization and management of the school should be planned along lines of simplicity and liberty, avoiding informity, and at the same time, considering the individuality and circumstances of the pupils.
• 5.Recommendations for girls to enter the school should be considered, and an attempt made to send each person of school age to school.
• 6.Teachers and officials should be absolutely impartial as the true leaders of young men and should be eager to be instrumental in achieving world peace.

SOCIAL SERIES: 193 (Continued)

Summary:

Entrance examinations for secondary schools: Public opinion on the democratization of entrance examinations to secondary schools; the details of which have not yet been published officially, was surveyed during a conference held in the national school attached to the KOCHI Normal School. In the survey, many parents expressed much concern over the deterioration in their childrens' health due to malnutrition.

With regard to the method of the entrance examinations, many advocated the adoption of written examinations, in addition to the present system of the report of the national school, an oral examination, and a physical test. Admission of pupils in excess of the number fixed for each class and simultaneous examinations in every school, were opened in general. Simplification of the items in the oral examination was also requested because of the poor knowledge of the pupils due to the war. Illegal and secret personal consideration in the decision for admittance of certain children should be abolished. The reconstruction of war-damaged schools was also demanded.

The renovation of the KOCHI Women's Commercial School as an ordinary girl's high school was decided on recently. The 200 girl students are expected to receive a better education. The school has a plan to establish a post-graduate course on politics, economics, social problems and foreign languages. The course, different from the previous supplementary course, will contribute to the elevation of girls' culture.

The KOCHI Institute for Women in the West-JAPAN Secondary School Education Assistance Society at NISHIKIGAWA-Machi, KOCH-Shi, will open courses on advanced sewing, civics, and other subjects, for graduates of girls' schools. Class meetings will be three days a week, starting in February.

Summary:

At about 1930 on 17 January, four men came to the house of ITO, TOKUNO-SUKE, a farmer of KITAHARA, ONODA-Machi, KAMI-Gun, and said to Nobuo, age 22, one of the family: "We have some business with you. Please come to the Horse-examining Institute."

When he came out of the house one of them said suddenly, "You have sold rice on the black market in YOKOSUKA. We demand the profits," They then threatened him with a dagger and robbed him of 35 yen. Later they said "To-morrow, bring 300 yon with you to the SASAKI tailor shop."

The thieves also went to the house of ITO, Eiichi, and threatened 21-year old Mitsuo, one of the family, in a similar manner, and, finding he had no money, they struck him on the head.

At 0530 on 18 January the four theives appeared at the SASAKI tailor shop and were arrested by Assistant Police Inspector ISHIKAWA and Police-men SAKURADE and IZUMO. The names of the robbers are: AMANO, Katsumi, aged 23, of KITANISHI, HARAMACHI, ONODA-Machi; IMANO, Yoshito, age 25, of SHINKOJI, ONODA-Machi; HAYASAKA, Junji, age 24, MINAMIYASHIKI, ONODA-Machi; and OYAMA, Tatsuo, age 34, farmer of HIGASHIONODA, in the same town. All but OYAMA were demobilized soldiers. They said that they formed a gang, with IMANO as their leader, and that they had tried to obtain funds with which they could do something for the country.

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SOCIAL SERIES: 193 (Continued)

Summary:

A meeting of school inspectors was held on 18 and 19 January at the Prefectural office of NAGANO-Ken. As a result, a notification was given to schools in NAGANO-Ken giving instruction on the new principles of education and school management.

According to the notification, entrance examinations for middle schools will be held in April, later than the usual date because the national schools found it very difficult to make their reports until the end of February on students who want to take the examination.

School courses have not been given in full to these students due to the frequent calls on their labor services and lack of transport facilities. In the middle schools, the courses will continue until the end of March. As a result applications will be accepted until 15 March. Examinations will be held between 1 and 7 April. The results will be published before 10 April; procedure of the examination will be the same as before.

DISTRIBUTION: "X"

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