Press translations [Japan]. Political Series 0111, 1945-12-24.
Date24 December, 1945
translation numberpolitical-0475
call numberDS801 .S85
Persistent Identifier
POLITICAL SERIES: 111
ITEM 1 "The old gang of party politics" by OZAKI Yukio - Mainichi Shimbun - 20 Dec 45. Translator; Paasche.
Summary:
I have maintained all along that the present Diet has no right to deliberate on the
Constitution and related legislation. With
the exception of myself and a small minority, the Diet members were elected with the
support of the Imperial Rule Assistance
Association, a government created organization. This Association and the Japan Political
Association were fascist
organizations which took their cues from the nazifascists. Totalitarianism does not
go with constitutionalism, it aims at it's
destriction. Furthermore, these Diet members sympathized with a war that became the
cause of our national doom and are
therefore traitors. It is illogical that they should do the spade work for future
national reconstruction by discussing the
Constitution and related laws. Of course the Constitution is not perfect, but on the
whol it would be sufficient for
democratization if skilfully applied. The military clique stopped into the shoes of
the former SATSUMA and CHOSHU clans by
twisting and deforming the Constitution through misinterpretations. The Constitution
clearly states that, apart from the right
to conslude treaties and to dismiss civil and military officers, the Emperor wields
Supreme command. Therefore this command is
not a thing apart, as was claimed by the ZAIBAISU. Consequently, the Constitution,
if correctly, interpreted, does not stand
in the way of democracy.
Although the Constitution is now mere than 50 years old, elections are still engineered
by official power and graft. Coalition
Cabinets are no good because they require the welding together of many Diet members,
and this is done by bringing money and
power into play. It follows that party bosses will invariably commit dishonest acts,
even though they may be honest
personally. The fact that SHIBUSAWA has becomed director of the Progressive Party
can only be explained by the interference of
money and political deals.
Sixty years of political activity in JAPAN have brought home to me the fact that
the Japanese are unable to form political
parties. All parties, great or small, tend to become warring bands for the simple
season that the spirit of feudalism is still
rampant here. In JAPAN ideological interests, vital for party forming, are replaced
by personal interests. The result: a
league, a clan. Instead of the Constitution and the Election Law, the laws relating
to the Diet and Diet procedure should be
amended. These laws have been construed to restrict the prerogatives of the Diet as
much as possible, and to facilitate
autocracy. For Instance, the session are too short and should be extended over the
whole year. A system of standing committees
is extremely necessary, and must be brought about by changing the Diet laws. Unfortunately,
insufficient use is made of the
possibility of making the whole house sit in committee. This is the most important
Committee of ell and it
POLITICAL SERIES: 111 (Continued)
ITEM 1 (Continued)
can be made useful for checking the deliberations of the Diet by secret and other
sessions, since there is no other way of
exercising this necessary control. Such deliberations are even more necessary than
the ordinary Diet sessions. However, in
JAPAN the work usually done by a committee of the whole is taken over by the Budget
Committee, whose, capacity is thereby
overtaxed. The Budget Committee cannot be responsible for budget questions and deliberations
on foreign policy at the same
time. In a way, the president of a committer of the whole would be a man of greater
importance than the president of the
Diet.
Everything depends on how well the Election Law's enforced. Though women and other
new voters are going to the polls, it is
safe to predict that these will vote in no way different from other voters. For this
reason an unprecedented step is called
for. The Emperor must address a proclamation to the voters.
(To be continued)
ITEM 2 The Objects of the Allied Occupation of JAPAN as Issued by General MacARTHUR Asahi Shimbun - 21 Dec 45. Translator: H. Naoji.
Full Translation:
A statement of the fundamental objects of the Allied Occupation of JAPAN and the
manner in which it is to be carried out by
the Allied forces in JAPAN, has been issued by General MacARTHUR in instructions to
his subordinates on 19 December. Although
the militaristic and feudal tint has been vanishing gradually from the circles of
politics, economies, society, culture, and
so forth in the country, and the basis for a democratic JAPAN has been strengthened
in the four months since the Allied
occupation, there have remained various unsolved problems. Judging from present world
affairs, in which the chief emphasis of
foreign policy is in the Far East, this explanation of the objects of Allied Occupation
of JAPAN by General MacARTHUR is very
significant. The gist of the statement by General MacARTHUR runs as follows:
1. Our aim is to afford for thoroughly defeated JAPAN the opportunity to correct
its errors in the past and bring itself back
to a place of respect in the world. 2. The Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers
must have JAPAN carryout the surrender
terms of the POTSDAM Declaration. 3. The control over the country and its people will
be exercised through the Emperor and a
Japanese Government, which is most suitable for the fulfillment of the surrender provisions.
Now it is most significant that
only the Emperor and a government are mentioned with, no particular-type demanded
as long as it is suitable to carry out the
control and the command of JAPAN.
The text of the statement is as follows: "General MacARHUR has given an opportunity
to a completely defeated enemy to correct
its errors in the past and to bring itself back into a place of respect in the world.
"The authority of the Allied Supreme
Commander for JAPAN to carry out the surrender provisions and the POTSDAM Declaration
is supreme. But the control over the
country as well as its people, as stated in the surrender provisions, will be exercised
to a practicable extent through the
Emperor and the other instrumentalities of the Japanese Government as the means for
the fulfillment of the objects of the
occupation."
The objects of the Allied Power's Occupation of JAPAN, are as follows: 1. Ensurance
that JAPAN will never again become a
menace to the peace and stability of the world. 2. Establishment of a peaceful and
responsible government which is respectful
of the rights of other countries.
- 2 -
POLITICAL SERIES: 111 (Continued)
ITEM 2 (Continued)
The government which is finally decided upon should support the fulfillment of the
objects of the Allied Supreme Commander,
which are reflected in the ideals and the principles of the Charter of the United
Nations, This government should conform to
the principles of democratic self-government. The form of the government is not fiscal
and is changeable. To impose upon JAPAN
any form of government which is not supported by the free will of its people is contrary
to the provisions of the Potsdam
Declaration, The above mentioned objects will be carried out chiefly through the following
measures:
1. The sovereignity of JAPAN will be limited to HONSHU, HOKKAIDO, KYUSHU, SIKOKU,
and about one thousand smaller adjacent
islands including the TSUSHIMA Islands. 2. JAPAN will be completely disarmed. The
authority of the militarists and the
influence of militalism will be mixed out from her political, economic, and social
life and every system expressing the spirit
of militalism and aggression will be strictly suppressed, 3. Japanese people should
be encouraged to respect individual
freedom and the fundamental rights of mankind, especially those of religion, assembly,
speech and press. 4. An economy which
is able to satisfy the requirements of the people in peace time will be brought about
by the efforts of the Japanese people
themselves. Every chance will be afforded the Japanese Government as well as its people
to carry out the orders of the Allied
Supreme Commander without any pressure from the letter. However, in cases where orders
are not carried out directives will be
issued to an appropriate sub-command to make the government obey the order.
The Occupation forces will act chiefly as a medium to ensure compliance with orders
issued by the Allied Supreme Commander.
Respect for and confidence in the United Nations and their representatives must be
cultivated by decent behavier in the part
of those representatives. The civilian people will be protected from any unlawful
infringement against their individual
freedom and rights of property. Historical, cultural, and religious objects and installations
(including several Imperial
Palaces) will be carefully protected and Preserved. Moreover, the occupation forces
will follow the obligations imposed upon
them by international law and the rules of land war[illegible]fare. They will permit, and encourage the
freedom of speech, publication, religion, and assembly as far as possible without
contravening military orders.
ITEM 3 List of the Candidates of the Japan Reformist Party (KAKU SHIN TO) Nippon Sangyo Koizai - 22 Dec 45 Translator: S. Cno.
Extracts:
The Japan Reformist Party (KAKUSHIN TO) held a committee meeting attended by MANABE
and its other leading members at 0900
hours yesterday morning to make the first selection of candidates running for the
election, The candidates are:
| KIGUCHI, Shohachiro; | TOKYO |
| YAMAGUCHI, Shiro; | " |
| KAWASAKI, Kiyoji; | HOKKIDO |
| NAKANO, Ryow[illegible]; | " |
| NAGATO, Yozo; | MIYAGI |
| SHIBATA, Gonichi; | YAMAGATA |
| MAEDA, Akinori; | AC[illegible]ORI |
| TANAKA, Yoshinobu; | FUKUSHIMA |
| HIROSE, Hiroshi; | [illegible]AWAGAWA |
| YAMAZAKI, Matajiro; | SAITAWA |
| IKEHU, Taketaro; | GU[illegible] |
| KINUMURA, Sakae; | TOC[illegible]ICI |
- 3 -
POLITICAL SERIES: 111 (Continued)
ITEM 3 (Continued)
| ISHIKAWA, Yoshimichi; | IBARAGI |
| HARADA , Josuke; | SHIZUOKA |
| YOSHIDA, Toshizo; | AICHI |
| YAMAMOTO, Gota; | " |
| WAJIMA, Kiyoshi; | " |
| KASUYA, Sakae; | " |
| HASEGAWA, Shigeru; | GIFU |
| ASAI, Hanji; | " |
| NISHIDA, Nobuyuki; | ISHIKAWA |
| KITAMURA, Sadaji; | NAGANO |
| HUJII, Yosaji; | NIIGATA |
| TAJIMA, Akiharu; | YAMANASHI |
| MATSUI, Seisui; | MIE |
| KURIYAMA, Yoshiji; | OSAKA |
| SAITO, Zenichiro; | KYOTO |
| HIRAI, Hujio; | HYOGO |
| DOI, Gentaro; | " |
| NAGAYASU, Ryotaro; | OKAYAMA |
| HUJII, Jiro; | " |
| YAMAMOTO, Eiichi; | YAMAGUCHI |
| USHIDA, Isamu; | KAGAWA |
| YAMADA, Hachiro; | TOKUSHIMA |
| SUGI, Matayoshi; | HUKUOKA |
| KANDA, Kazuma; | SAGA |
| MORI, Shikuma; | NAGASAKI |
| YOSHIJIMA, Kameki; | KUMAMOTO |
| HUJIMIYA, Hiko; | KAGOSHIMA |
| ARINAGA, Naojiro; | " |
ITEM 4 Candidates of the Social Democratic Party - Asahi Shimbun - 22 Dec 45. Translator: S. Sano.
Full Translation:
The JAPAN Social Democratic Party published, on 21 December, 184 names as official
candidates in the forthcoming general
election. Candidates in KUMAMOTO, YAMAGATA and OITA-Kens are not included in the list
as they have not been decided upon as
yet. Additional names for the following Kens are also expected to be published shortly:
OSAKA, GUMMA., MIYAGI, OKAYAMA, AICHI,
NAGANO and YAMANASHI , The party has about 100 applicants for candidacy beside the
first group and further names will be added
in anticipation of future conditions. However, if the present Diet members are ineligible,
as is reported, the number of
candidates will be increased still further. The party is expected to face the coming
election campaign with 300 candidates.
The only woman candidate put up by the party is Mrs, YAMAZAKI, Michiko, in SHIZUOKA-Ken.
She is the wife of an ex-member of
the House of Representatives, Mr. YAMAZAKI, Kenji.
The list follows:
TOKYO To First district:
ASANUMA, Inajiro HARA, Hyo KUMAMOTO, Torazo MORII, Yasushi SHIMAGAMI, Zengoro
- 4 -
POLITICAL SERIES: 111 (Continued)
ITEM 4 (Continued)
Second District: KAWANO, Mitsu MATSUOKA, Komakichi SUZUKI, Mosaburo NAKAMURA, Koichi YAMAHANA,
Hideo HOSONO, Michio
HYOGO Ken
First district:
KAWAKAMI, Jotaro NAGAE, Kazuo KOMEKUBO, Manryo KASWAI , Giichi SAKATAMOTO, Katsu
Second district:
YUKIMASA, Chozo OTA, Unosuke
NIIGATA - Ken
First district:
II, Seichi TAMAl, Junji ISHIDA, Yuzen
Second district:
MIYAKE, Shoichi INAMURA, Ryuichi INOMATA, Kozo
AKITA - Ken
KAWAMATA, Seion FURUSAWA, Hi
AOMORI - Ken
OSAWA, Hisaaki IWAFUCHI, Kenichi NISHIMURA, Kikujiro
IWATE - Ken
ISHIKAWA, Kinjiro ODAGIMA, Teijiro
TOCHIGI - Ken
KANEKO, Masutaro KUROSAWA, Koichi OKADA, Soji IWASAKI, Shozaburo YAMADA, Nagaji
- 5 -
POLITICAL SERIES: 111 (Continued)
ITEM 4 (Continued)
GUMMA - Ken
SUNAGA, Ko
MIYAGI - Ken
KIKUCHI, Riyonosuke SUZUKI, Bunji
OKAYAMA Ken
KURODA, Hisao
EHIME - Ken
MURATA, Tetsuo YASUHIRA, Kaichi KAWAI, Eizo ITANI, Masakichi
WAKAYAMA - Ken
WATANABE, Sen SANTO, Seizaburo YAMANAKA, Takeo
MIE - Ken
UEDA, Otoichi ADACHI, Umeichi
TOTTORI - Ken
SHOJI, Hikoo
SHIMANE - Ken
MATSUMOTO, Junzo
KYOTO Fu
MIZUTANI, Chozaburo TSUJII, Minnosuke TANAKA, Yoshio YOSHIKAWA, Suijiro KI[illegible]URA, Chuichi
NARA - Ken
KAMEMOTO, Genjuro YONEDA, Tomii
SHIGA - Ken
YAO, Kisaburo UMEZAWA, Jisaku
HIROSHIMA - Ken
MORITO, Tatsuo TAKATSU, Masamichi MAIDA, Einosuke YASUDA, Shoichi
- 6 -
POLITICAL SERIES: 111 (Continued)
ITEM 4 (Continued)
YAMAGUCHI - Ken
TAMURA, Sadaichi MORITA, Michisuke ZOGA, Shuyushi
YAMANSHI - Ken
HIRAKO, Rikizo MATSUZAWA, Hajime
GIFJ - Ken
KATO , Riyozo SHIMIZU, Yoshio YOSHIKAWA, Bun suke HIRAKU, Kiichi
ISHIKAWA - Ken
YAMAZAKI, Hiroshi ARAKAWA, Jingo MARUYAMA Sadamori SHINYA, Hideharu
FUKUSHIMA - Ken
YAOITA, Masashi OIGAWA, Yukitaka SUZUKI, Yoshio
NAGASAKI - Ken
KUSAKABE, Naohiko FUJIWARA, Shigetaro
SAGA - Ken
FUJIWARA, Gontaro KIMURA, Utaro
SAITAMA - Ken
MATSUNAGA, Yoshio YAMAMOTO, Tomiyoshi IHORI, Shigeo
IBARAGI - Ken
HOSODA, Tsunakichi KIKUCHI, Jusaku YAMAGUCHI, Takehide
FUKUI - Ken
TAKSUCHI, Natsuzuni SAIKI, Shigechi DOMORI, Yoshio YAMAGUCHI, Kotaro YAMAGUCHI, Tsuyoshi
- 7 -
POLITICAL SERIES: 111 (Continued)
ITEM 4 (Continued)
KAGAWA - Ken
MAIKAWA, Shoichi MIYAWAKI, Asao
TOKUSHIMA -: Ken
NARUSE, Yoshigoro ABE, Goro
KOCHI - Ken
SATAKE, Haruki UJIHARA, Ichiro
CHIBA Ken
ISHIBASHI, Genshiro YOSHIKAWA, Kanemitsu HORII, Keitaro ABE, Shoichi KITADA, Ichiro
TOYAMA - Ken
YAGO, Yoshizo MASUYAMA, Naotaro YAMAMOTO, Matsujiro OKADO, Yoshio
KANAGAWA - Ken
KATAYAMA, Tetsu
FUKUOKA - Ken
First district:
MATSUMOTO, Jiichiro INATOMI, Ayato TANAKA, Shogetsu
Second district:
TAHARA, Haruji ITO, Ushiro MORIMOTO, Yoshio AONO, Takeichi
KAGOSHIMA - Ken
TOMIYOSKI, Eiji YAMAMOTO, Kame jiro
MIYAZAKI - Ken
INOUE, Riyomiu TANIOKA, Kazunao
- 8 -
POLITICAL SERIES: 111 (Continued)
ITEM 4 (Continued)
HOKKAIDO - Cho
First district:
MASAKI, Kiyoshi WATANABE, Yasukuni WATANABE, Sozo NIYAGICHI, Jujiro OKADA, Haruo
Second district:
KINOSHITA, Gengo KAWAHITO, Genichi
OSAKA - Fu
First district:
NISHIO, Suihiro TAMAN, Kiyoomi
Second district:
SUGIYAMA, Genjiro INOUE, Riyoji TANABE, Osamu TAKIGAWA, Suiichi
NAGANO - Ken
NOMIZO, Katsu TANAHASHI, Kotaro
SHIZUOKA Ken
FUKUSHIMA, Giichi UMINO, Shinkichi SO, Shugtsu HASEGAWA, Tamatsu SHIBUYA, Shoji YAMAZAKI, Michiko
(woman)
AICHI Ken
First district:
KATO, Kanju YAMAZAKI, Tsunekichi MIZUNO, Jitsuro SATO, Kanjiro OWAKI, Matsutaro
- 9 -
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