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Press translations [Japan]. Political Series 0111, 1945-12-24.
translation-number: political-0475
call-number: DS801 .S85
GENERAL HEADQUARTERS
SUPREME COMMANDER FOR THE ALLIED POWERS
ALLIED TRANSLATOR AND INTERPRETER SECTION
PRESS TRANSLATIONS
No. 475 Date: 24 Dec 45.
POLITICAL SERIES: 111
ITEM 1 "The old gang of party politics" by OZAKI Yukio - Mainichi Shimbun - 20 Dec
45. Translator; Paasche.
Summary:
I have maintained all along that the present Diet has no right to deliberate on the
Constitution and related legislation. With the exception of myself and a small minority,
the
Diet members were elected with the support of the Imperial Rule Assistance Association,
a government created organization. This Association and the Japan Political Association
were
fascist organizations which took their cues from the nazifascists. Totalitarianism
does not go with constitutionalism, it aims at it's destriction. Furthermore, these
Diet members
sympathized with a war that became the cause of our national doom and are therefore
traitors. It is illogical that they should do the spade work for future national reconstruction
by discussing the Constitution and related laws. Of course the Constitution is not
perfect, but on the whol it would be sufficient for democratization if skilfully applied.
The
military clique stopped into the shoes of the former SATSUMA and CHOSHU clans by twisting
and deforming the Constitution through misinterpretations. The Constitution clearly
states
that, apart from the right to conslude treaties and to dismiss civil and military
officers, the Emperor wields Supreme command. Therefore this command is not a thing
apart, as was
claimed by the ZAIBAISU. Consequently, the Constitution, if correctly, interpreted,
does not stand in the way of democracy.
Although the Constitution is now mere than 50 years old, elections are still engineered
by official power and graft. Coalition Cabinets are no good because they require the
welding
together of many Diet members, and this is done by bringing money and power into play.
It follows that party bosses will invariably commit dishonest acts, even though they
may be
honest personally. The fact that SHIBUSAWA has becomed director of the Progressive
Party can only be explained by the interference of money and political deals.
Sixty years of political activity in JAPAN have brought home to me the fact that
the Japanese are unable to form political parties. All parties, great or small, tend
to become
warring bands for the simple season that the spirit of feudalism is still rampant
here. In JAPAN ideological interests, vital for party forming, are replaced by personal
interests.
The result: a league, a clan. Instead of the Constitution and the Election Law, the
laws relating to the Diet and Diet procedure should be amended. These laws have been
construed
to restrict the prerogatives of the Diet as much as possible, and to facilitate autocracy.
For Instance, the session are too short and should be extended over the whole year.
A
system of standing committees is extremely necessary, and must be brought about by
changing the Diet laws. Unfortunately, insufficient use is made of the possibility
of making the
whole house sit in committee. This is the most important Committee of ell and it
POLITICAL SERIES: 111 (Continued)
ITEM 1 (Continued)
can be made useful for checking the deliberations of the Diet by secret and other
sessions, since there is no other way of exercising this necessary control. Such deliberations
are
even more necessary than the ordinary Diet sessions. However, in JAPAN the work usually
done by a committee of the whole is taken over by the Budget Committee, whose, capacity
is
thereby overtaxed. The Budget Committee cannot be responsible for budget questions
and deliberations on foreign policy at the same time. In a way, the president of a
committer of
the whole would be a man of greater importance than the president of the Diet.
Everything depends on how well the Election Law's enforced. Though women and other
new voters are going to the polls, it is safe to predict that these will vote in no
way different
from other voters. For this reason an unprecedented step is called for. The Emperor
must address a proclamation to the voters.
(To be continued)
ITEM 2 The Objects of the Allied Occupation of JAPAN as Issued by General MacARTHUR
Asahi Shimbun - 21 Dec 45. Translator: H. Naoji.
Full Translation:
A statement of the fundamental objects of the Allied Occupation of JAPAN and the
manner in which it is to be carried out by the Allied forces in JAPAN, has been issued
by General
MacARTHUR in instructions to his subordinates on 19 December. Although the militaristic
and feudal tint has been vanishing gradually from the circles of politics, economies,
society, culture, and so forth in the country, and the basis for a democratic JAPAN
has been strengthened in the four months since the Allied occupation, there have remained
various unsolved problems. Judging from present world affairs, in which the chief
emphasis of foreign policy is in the Far East, this explanation of the objects of
Allied
Occupation of JAPAN by General MacARTHUR is very significant. The gist of the statement
by General MacARTHUR runs as follows:
1. Our aim is to afford for thoroughly defeated JAPAN the opportunity to correct
its errors in the past and bring itself back to a place of respect in the world. 2.
The Supreme
Commander for the Allied Powers must have JAPAN carryout the surrender terms of the
POTSDAM Declaration. 3. The control over the country and its people will be exercised
through
the Emperor and a Japanese Government, which is most suitable for the fulfillment
of the surrender provisions. Now it is most significant that only the Emperor and
a government are
mentioned with, no particular-type demanded as long as it is suitable to carry out
the control and the command of JAPAN.
The text of the statement is as follows: "General MacARHUR has given an opportunity
to a completely defeated enemy to correct its errors in the past and to bring itself
back into a
place of respect in the world. "The authority of the Allied Supreme Commander for
JAPAN to carry out the surrender provisions and the POTSDAM Declaration is supreme.
But the
control over the country as well as its people, as stated in the surrender provisions,
will be exercised to a practicable extent through the Emperor and the other instrumentalities
of the Japanese Government as the means for the fulfillment of the objects of the
occupation."
The objects of the Allied Power's Occupation of JAPAN, are as follows: 1. Ensurance
that JAPAN will never again become a menace to the peace and stability of the world.
2.
Establishment of a peaceful and responsible government which is respectful of the
rights of other countries.
- 2 -
POLITICAL SERIES: 111 (Continued)
ITEM 2 (Continued)
The government which is finally decided upon should support the fulfillment of the
objects of the Allied Supreme Commander, which are reflected in the ideals and the
principles of
the Charter of the United Nations, This government should conform to the principles
of democratic self-government. The form of the government is not fiscal and is changeable.
To
impose upon JAPAN any form of government which is not supported by the free will of
its people is contrary to the provisions of the Potsdam Declaration, The above mentioned
objects
will be carried out chiefly through the following measures:
1. The sovereignity of JAPAN will be limited to HONSHU, HOKKAIDO, KYUSHU, SIKOKU,
and about one thousand smaller adjacent islands including the TSUSHIMA Islands. 2.
JAPAN will be
completely disarmed. The authority of the militarists and the influence of militalism
will be mixed out from her political, economic, and social life and every system expressing
the spirit of militalism and aggression will be strictly suppressed, 3. Japanese people
should be encouraged to respect individual freedom and the fundamental rights of mankind,
especially those of religion, assembly, speech and press. 4. An economy which is able
to satisfy the requirements of the people in peace time will be brought about by the
efforts
of the Japanese people themselves. Every chance will be afforded the Japanese Government
as well as its people to carry out the orders of the Allied Supreme Commander without
any
pressure from the letter. However, in cases where orders are not carried out directives
will be issued to an appropriate sub-command to make the government obey the order.
The Occupation forces will act chiefly as a medium to ensure compliance with orders
issued by the Allied Supreme Commander. Respect for and confidence in the United Nations
and
their representatives must be cultivated by decent behavier in the part of those representatives.
The civilian people will be protected from any unlawful infringement against their
individual freedom and rights of property. Historical, cultural, and religious objects
and installations (including several Imperial Palaces) will be carefully protected
and
Preserved. Moreover, the occupation forces will follow the obligations imposed upon
them by international law and the rules of land war[illegible]fare. They will
permit, and encourage the freedom of speech, publication, religion, and assembly as
far as possible without contravening military orders.
ITEM 3 List of the Candidates of the Japan Reformist Party (KAKU SHIN TO) Nippon Sangyo
Koizai - 22 Dec 45 Translator: S. Cno.
Extracts:
The Japan Reformist Party (KAKUSHIN TO) held a committee meeting attended by MANABE
and its other leading members at 0900 hours yesterday morning to make the first selection
of
candidates running for the election, The candidates are:
| KIGUCHI, Shohachiro; | TOKYO |
| YAMAGUCHI, Shiro; | " |
| KAWASAKI, Kiyoji; | HOKKIDO |
| NAKANO, Ryow[illegible]; | " |
| NAGATO, Yozo; | MIYAGI |
| SHIBATA, Gonichi; | YAMAGATA |
| MAEDA, Akinori; | AC[illegible]ORI |
| TANAKA, Yoshinobu; | FUKUSHIMA |
| HIROSE, Hiroshi; | [illegible]AWAGAWA |
| YAMAZAKI, Matajiro; | SAITAWA |
| IKEHU, Taketaro; | GU[illegible] |
| KINUMURA, Sakae; | TOC[illegible]ICI |
- 3 -
POLITICAL SERIES: 111 (Continued)
ITEM 3 (Continued)
| ISHIKAWA, Yoshimichi; | IBARAGI |
| HARADA , Josuke; | SHIZUOKA |
| YOSHIDA, Toshizo; | AICHI |
| YAMAMOTO, Gota; | " |
| WAJIMA, Kiyoshi; | " |
| KASUYA, Sakae; | " |
| HASEGAWA, Shigeru; | GIFU |
| ASAI, Hanji; | " |
| NISHIDA, Nobuyuki; | ISHIKAWA |
| KITAMURA, Sadaji; | NAGANO |
| HUJII, Yosaji; | NIIGATA |
| TAJIMA, Akiharu; | YAMANASHI |
| MATSUI, Seisui; | MIE |
| KURIYAMA, Yoshiji; | OSAKA |
| SAITO, Zenichiro; | KYOTO |
| HIRAI, Hujio; | HYOGO |
| DOI, Gentaro; | " |
| NAGAYASU, Ryotaro; | OKAYAMA |
| HUJII, Jiro; | " |
| YAMAMOTO, Eiichi; | YAMAGUCHI |
| USHIDA, Isamu; | KAGAWA |
| YAMADA, Hachiro; | TOKUSHIMA |
| SUGI, Matayoshi; | HUKUOKA |
| KANDA, Kazuma; | SAGA |
| MORI, Shikuma; | NAGASAKI |
| YOSHIJIMA, Kameki; | KUMAMOTO |
| HUJIMIYA, Hiko; | KAGOSHIMA |
| ARINAGA, Naojiro; | " |
ITEM 4 Candidates of the Social Democratic Party - Asahi Shimbun - 22 Dec 45. Translator:
S. Sano.
Full Translation:
The JAPAN Social Democratic Party published, on 21 December, 184 names as official
candidates in the forthcoming general election. Candidates in KUMAMOTO, YAMAGATA and
OITA-Kens
are not included in the list as they have not been decided upon as yet. Additional
names for the following Kens are also expected to be published shortly: OSAKA, GUMMA.,
MIYAGI,
OKAYAMA, AICHI, NAGANO and YAMANASHI , The party has about 100 applicants for candidacy
beside the first group and further names will be added in anticipation of future conditions.
However, if the present Diet members are ineligible, as is reported, the number of
candidates will be increased still further. The party is expected to face the coming
election
campaign with 300 candidates. The only woman candidate put up by the party is Mrs,
YAMAZAKI, Michiko, in SHIZUOKA-Ken. She is the wife of an ex-member of the House of
Representatives, Mr. YAMAZAKI, Kenji.
The list follows:
TOKYO To
First district:
First district:
ASANUMA, Inajiro
HARA, Hyo
KUMAMOTO, Torazo
MORII, Yasushi
SHIMAGAMI, Zengoro
HARA, Hyo
KUMAMOTO, Torazo
MORII, Yasushi
SHIMAGAMI, Zengoro
- 4 -
POLITICAL SERIES: 111 (Continued)
ITEM 4 (Continued)
Second District:
KAWANO, Mitsu
MATSUOKA, Komakichi
SUZUKI, Mosaburo
NAKAMURA, Koichi
YAMAHANA, Hideo
HOSONO, Michio
KAWANO, Mitsu
MATSUOKA, Komakichi
SUZUKI, Mosaburo
NAKAMURA, Koichi
YAMAHANA, Hideo
HOSONO, Michio
HYOGO Ken
First district:
KAWAKAMI, Jotaro
NAGAE, Kazuo
KOMEKUBO, Manryo
KASWAI , Giichi
SAKATAMOTO, Katsu
NAGAE, Kazuo
KOMEKUBO, Manryo
KASWAI , Giichi
SAKATAMOTO, Katsu
Second district:
YUKIMASA, Chozo
OTA, Unosuke
OTA, Unosuke
NIIGATA - Ken
First district:
II, Seichi
TAMAl, Junji
ISHIDA, Yuzen
TAMAl, Junji
ISHIDA, Yuzen
Second district:
MIYAKE, Shoichi
INAMURA, Ryuichi
INOMATA, Kozo
INAMURA, Ryuichi
INOMATA, Kozo
AKITA - Ken
KAWAMATA, Seion
FURUSAWA, Hi
FURUSAWA, Hi
AOMORI - Ken
OSAWA, Hisaaki
IWAFUCHI, Kenichi
NISHIMURA, Kikujiro
IWAFUCHI, Kenichi
NISHIMURA, Kikujiro
IWATE - Ken
ISHIKAWA, Kinjiro
ODAGIMA, Teijiro
ODAGIMA, Teijiro
TOCHIGI - Ken
KANEKO, Masutaro
KUROSAWA, Koichi
OKADA, Soji
IWASAKI, Shozaburo
YAMADA, Nagaji
KUROSAWA, Koichi
OKADA, Soji
IWASAKI, Shozaburo
YAMADA, Nagaji
- 5 -
POLITICAL SERIES: 111 (Continued)
ITEM 4 (Continued)
GUMMA - Ken
SUNAGA, Ko
MIYAGI - Ken
KIKUCHI, Riyonosuke
SUZUKI, Bunji
SUZUKI, Bunji
OKAYAMA Ken
KURODA, Hisao
EHIME - Ken
MURATA, Tetsuo
YASUHIRA, Kaichi
KAWAI, Eizo
ITANI, Masakichi
YASUHIRA, Kaichi
KAWAI, Eizo
ITANI, Masakichi
WAKAYAMA - Ken
WATANABE, Sen
SANTO, Seizaburo
YAMANAKA, Takeo
SANTO, Seizaburo
YAMANAKA, Takeo
MIE - Ken
UEDA, Otoichi
ADACHI, Umeichi
ADACHI, Umeichi
TOTTORI - Ken
SHOJI, Hikoo
SHIMANE - Ken
MATSUMOTO, Junzo
KYOTO Fu
MIZUTANI, Chozaburo
TSUJII, Minnosuke
TANAKA, Yoshio
YOSHIKAWA, Suijiro
KI[illegible]URA, Chuichi
TSUJII, Minnosuke
TANAKA, Yoshio
YOSHIKAWA, Suijiro
KI[illegible]URA, Chuichi
NARA - Ken
KAMEMOTO, Genjuro
YONEDA, Tomii
YONEDA, Tomii
SHIGA - Ken
YAO, Kisaburo
UMEZAWA, Jisaku
UMEZAWA, Jisaku
HIROSHIMA - Ken
MORITO, Tatsuo
TAKATSU, Masamichi
MAIDA, Einosuke
YASUDA, Shoichi
TAKATSU, Masamichi
MAIDA, Einosuke
YASUDA, Shoichi
- 6 -
POLITICAL SERIES: 111 (Continued)
ITEM 4 (Continued)
YAMAGUCHI - Ken
TAMURA, Sadaichi
MORITA, Michisuke
ZOGA, Shuyushi
MORITA, Michisuke
ZOGA, Shuyushi
YAMANSHI - Ken
HIRAKO, Rikizo
MATSUZAWA, Hajime
MATSUZAWA, Hajime
GIFJ - Ken
KATO , Riyozo
SHIMIZU, Yoshio
YOSHIKAWA, Bun suke
HIRAKU, Kiichi
SHIMIZU, Yoshio
YOSHIKAWA, Bun suke
HIRAKU, Kiichi
ISHIKAWA - Ken
YAMAZAKI, Hiroshi
ARAKAWA, Jingo
MARUYAMA Sadamori
SHINYA, Hideharu
ARAKAWA, Jingo
MARUYAMA Sadamori
SHINYA, Hideharu
FUKUSHIMA - Ken
YAOITA, Masashi
OIGAWA, Yukitaka
SUZUKI, Yoshio
OIGAWA, Yukitaka
SUZUKI, Yoshio
NAGASAKI - Ken
KUSAKABE, Naohiko
FUJIWARA, Shigetaro
FUJIWARA, Shigetaro
SAGA - Ken
FUJIWARA, Gontaro
KIMURA, Utaro
KIMURA, Utaro
SAITAMA - Ken
MATSUNAGA, Yoshio
YAMAMOTO, Tomiyoshi
IHORI, Shigeo
YAMAMOTO, Tomiyoshi
IHORI, Shigeo
IBARAGI - Ken
HOSODA, Tsunakichi
KIKUCHI, Jusaku
YAMAGUCHI, Takehide
KIKUCHI, Jusaku
YAMAGUCHI, Takehide
FUKUI - Ken
TAKSUCHI, Natsuzuni
SAIKI, Shigechi
DOMORI, Yoshio
YAMAGUCHI, Kotaro
YAMAGUCHI, Tsuyoshi
SAIKI, Shigechi
DOMORI, Yoshio
YAMAGUCHI, Kotaro
YAMAGUCHI, Tsuyoshi
- 7 -
POLITICAL SERIES: 111 (Continued)
ITEM 4 (Continued)
KAGAWA - Ken
MAIKAWA, Shoichi
MIYAWAKI, Asao
MIYAWAKI, Asao
TOKUSHIMA -: Ken
NARUSE, Yoshigoro
ABE, Goro
ABE, Goro
KOCHI - Ken
SATAKE, Haruki
UJIHARA, Ichiro
UJIHARA, Ichiro
CHIBA Ken
ISHIBASHI, Genshiro
YOSHIKAWA, Kanemitsu
HORII, Keitaro
ABE, Shoichi
KITADA, Ichiro
YOSHIKAWA, Kanemitsu
HORII, Keitaro
ABE, Shoichi
KITADA, Ichiro
TOYAMA - Ken
YAGO, Yoshizo
MASUYAMA, Naotaro
YAMAMOTO, Matsujiro
OKADO, Yoshio
MASUYAMA, Naotaro
YAMAMOTO, Matsujiro
OKADO, Yoshio
KANAGAWA - Ken
KATAYAMA, Tetsu
FUKUOKA - Ken
First district:
MATSUMOTO, Jiichiro
INATOMI, Ayato
TANAKA, Shogetsu
INATOMI, Ayato
TANAKA, Shogetsu
Second district:
TAHARA, Haruji
ITO, Ushiro
MORIMOTO, Yoshio
AONO, Takeichi
ITO, Ushiro
MORIMOTO, Yoshio
AONO, Takeichi
KAGOSHIMA - Ken
TOMIYOSKI, Eiji
YAMAMOTO, Kame jiro
YAMAMOTO, Kame jiro
MIYAZAKI - Ken
INOUE, Riyomiu
TANIOKA, Kazunao
TANIOKA, Kazunao
- 8 -
POLITICAL SERIES: 111 (Continued)
ITEM 4 (Continued)
HOKKAIDO - Cho
First district:
MASAKI, Kiyoshi
WATANABE, Yasukuni
WATANABE, Sozo
NIYAGICHI, Jujiro
OKADA, Haruo
WATANABE, Yasukuni
WATANABE, Sozo
NIYAGICHI, Jujiro
OKADA, Haruo
Second district:
KINOSHITA, Gengo
KAWAHITO, Genichi
KAWAHITO, Genichi
OSAKA - Fu
First district:
NISHIO, Suihiro
TAMAN, Kiyoomi
TAMAN, Kiyoomi
Second district:
SUGIYAMA, Genjiro
INOUE, Riyoji
TANABE, Osamu
TAKIGAWA, Suiichi
INOUE, Riyoji
TANABE, Osamu
TAKIGAWA, Suiichi
NAGANO - Ken
NOMIZO, Katsu
TANAHASHI, Kotaro
TANAHASHI, Kotaro
SHIZUOKA Ken
FUKUSHIMA, Giichi
UMINO, Shinkichi
SO, Shugtsu
HASEGAWA, Tamatsu
SHIBUYA, Shoji
YAMAZAKI, Michiko (woman)
UMINO, Shinkichi
SO, Shugtsu
HASEGAWA, Tamatsu
SHIBUYA, Shoji
YAMAZAKI, Michiko (woman)
AICHI Ken
First district:
KATO, Kanju
YAMAZAKI, Tsunekichi
MIZUNO, Jitsuro
SATO, Kanjiro
OWAKI, Matsutaro
YAMAZAKI, Tsunekichi
MIZUNO, Jitsuro
SATO, Kanjiro
OWAKI, Matsutaro
- 9 -