Press translations [Japan]. Editorial Series 0213, 1946-01-08.
Date8 January, 1946
RepositoryRauner Special Collections Library, Dartmouth College.
Call Numbereditorial-0662
Call NumberDS801 .S82
Persistent Identifier
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EDITORIAL SERIES: 213
ITEM 1 The Establishment of a New JAPAN - Provincial Newspaper HOKKOKU MAINICHI SHINBUN
(KANAZAWA) - 1
Jan 46. Translator; H. Arai.
Summary:
The year 1945 was a cursed and also a blessed year. JAPAN, being favored by geographical
conditions, had very few
opportunities to compete with other countries. The Japanese Nation could seldom test
its real strength against that of other
nations. The victories in the Russo-Japanese War and Chino-Japanese War were not achieved
solely by virtue of JAPAN'S military
might. Nevertheless, the Government and the people at that time were proud of these
two victories. Thus, the Japanese people,
who possess the virtue of modesty as individuals, lest it as a nation. This made the
Japanese nation presumptuous and led it
to utter defeat.
Now, the Japanese nation has had a chance to reflect on it self as a result of the
defeat. However, the actual state of
affairs caused by the defeat is too severe, and JAPAN has been led to her present
desperate plight. We think that the root of
moral decadence in JAPAN lies here. However, with deep reconsideration, we have had
a fine opportunity to judge ourselves
properly. This is the reason we bless the year 1945. Although morality has lest its
hold on the Japanese people, we don't
consider it to be true of the Japanese Nation but merely a transitional phenomenon.
We hope and expect a new JAPAN. But for
these hopes and expectations, our existence is useless and meaningless. In this sense
this year is indeed a hopeful one for
the Japanese Nation.
We have many accumulated problems at present. Whether we can solve these grave problems
or not is a question which dominates
the fate of JAPAN. One of the most important problems is the coming general election.
It is held that a great change to a
democratic JAPAN is expected after the general election. Without this conversion,
the new JAPAN can not be established. The
aim of democracy is to protect and aid the weak. That is the first step toward the
establishment of a new JAPAN.
ITEM 2 1. To Delinquent Demobilized Men. 2. The Dark Side of Military Life - Mainichi
Shimbun - 6 Jan 46.
Translator: K. Ketel.
Full Translation:
Delinquent Demobilized Servicement
Recent arrests of burglars who infest the capitals have again revealed that the criminals
are demobilized soldiers. After the
end of the war many cruel actions by the Japanese military men were brought to light
and for the first time
EDITORIAL SERIES: 213 (Continued)
ITEM 2 (Continued)
the Japanese people have known the real aspect of their own military. Furthermore,
demobilized soldiers are disturbing the
establishment of a peaceful JAPAN by their misdeeds. Those who have not become burglars,
have become dishonest brokers of
black marketeers. The impression of the people in general is amazing. I am, too, a
demobilized soldier and feel very sorry for
that fact.
It is a shame that even former members of the Special Attack Corps and ex-naval air
cadets are participating in such crimes.
For what purpose were they given military education? Why did the late Minister of
War, SHIMOMURA, appeal in the Diet to all
demobilized soldiers? Do you know how ugly you thieves appear to the people who were
much more impressed by the War Minister's
appeal? I don't mean that all demobilized men are acting alike but analogy is a habit
with all human beings. Are you aware of
the fact that many comrades will be embarrassed and ashamed? Reflect upon your own
deeds with conscience. Use the spirit with
which you were ready to sacrifice your lives in this evil war and your hardened body
to work for the establishment of a new,
moral, peaceful JAPAN!
Letter from (HAMA, Yonesaku)
The Darkside of Military Life
Our military life ended in boundless wrath against the tyranny of our superiors.
Perhaps there is no one else who received
such severe ill-treatment as Japanese recruits. Nowhere in the world was there a place
like the Japanese Army where only smart
double-crossers could get ahead.
The superiors demanded from their underlings strict obedience to their orders while
they destroyed military discipline. "We
have endured more hardships than you in the past. If we are acting in a slovenly way,
you ought not to imitate it," they said
proudly. "Only soldiers can save the nation's honor" is a very well taken point. But
officers and non-commissioned officers,
have they ever felt any patriotism? Only because of ambition and vanity did these
fellows enlist in the regular army. Those
who mistreated the soldiers, partly for amusement and partly from mischief, should
repent their past crimes, and begin a new
life by trying to improve themselves and become a good citizen.
Letter from (KAZUMATA)
ITEM 3 JAPAN's Position in the World - Asahi Shimbun - 6 Jan 46. Translator: K. Ketel.
Full Translation:
General MacARTHUR concluded that JAPAN became a fourth-rate nation when she signed
the surrender terms on 2 September of last
year. However, in what position in the world did JAPAN stand before she started the
recent war?
One opinion rated JAPAN a third-rate nation after the Sino-Japanese War, a second-rate
nation after the war with RUSSIA, and a
first-rate nation after World War I. But JAPAN, which stood in the favor of GREAT
BRITAIN from the beginning of the NORTH
CHINA Incident up to the WASHINGTON Conference 22 years later, and often received
favors from AMERICA as well,
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EDITORIAL SERIES: 213 (Continued)
ITEM 3 (Continued)
can neither be called a first nor a second-rate nation. Immediately before the Manchurian
Incident, the president of the
Manchurian Railway said to one of his employee, who had just returned from a study
tour of EUROPE and AMERICA, that JAPAN
should not study the policies and economics of European first or second-rate nations,
but that she should only be interested
in lower-rate nations. If we continue with this theory, I believe that we need not
be very disappointed by being termed a
fourth-rate nation.
The only means of attaining this end is to find a means of gaining inquality what
we have lost in quantity, as quickly as
possible. Whichever pattern we may use, Swedish, or the Swiss, our duty is to stabilize
the Nation's welfare and to render a
service to world civilization.
ITEM 4 Economic Measures to be Taken as Result of the New Directives Asahi Shimbun
- 6 Jan 46.
Translator: J. Wada.
Full Translation:
The two directives issued by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers on 4 January,
ordering the dissolution of various
ultra-nationalistic organizations and barring from public office all militaristic
leaders, will surely prove of great
encouragement for the establishment of a new democratic JAPAN. We expect these new
directives will put into rapid motion the
work of reconstruction which has been seriously delayed.
In regard to this, it is regrettable that measures were not taken on the initiative
of our own Government before these new
directives were instituted, since these measures are of fundamental necessity in the
establishment of democracy in our
country. At the same time, we should stop to reconsider whether we are doing our best.
Of course, the SHIDEHRA Cabinet may
well be blamed for its incompetence and irresponsibility, but at present we have no
new political force capable of meeting the
current situation. This political vacuum probably will be carried over after the forthcoming
general election if we are
lacking in determination and courage in the reconstruction. Our reactions to the exclusion
directive should bring about the
growth of righteous political influences which will be in control of the new JAPAN.
Toward this objective, not only must we
carry out faithfully the new directive, but we must also take positive measures in
accordance with its spirit.
What changes will conform to the spirit of the directive? Forcing the smaller militaristic
leaders, who are exempt from the
order to retire in shame and repentance-may be a first reform. The establishment of
a system which will enable new leaders to
come to the fore may be a second one. Sending men of knowledge and character, who
are really representatives of the people, to
the political front can be a third one. However, we shall not discuss these problems
in detail in this article.
The problem we wish to discuss in the following paragraphs is economic in nature.
We believe that these economic Problems will
be very important in bringing home the spirit of the directive and toward properly
conducting the forthcoming elections.
- 3 -
EDITORIAL SERIES: 213 (Continued)
ITEM 4 (Continued)
On the economic side, there are two measures necessary for the elimination of militarism.
One is a thorough investigation of
the money collected by various militaristic bodies during the war and in the confusion
of its sudden termination. It is well
known that many of these militaristic bodies grew and developed under the financial
protection of the ZAIBATSU and the
militaristic clique since the outbreak of the MANCHURIA Incident, or, even earlier.
Judging from the fact that the notorious
KODAMA, Yoshio, made a fortune of hundreds of millions of yen in four or five years,
the amount of money those societies have
accumulated in secrecy must be very large. Moreover, we can safely guess that a considerable
portion of the approximately
50,000,000,000 yen of the extraordinary military expenses distributed during the few
weeks after the end of the war was
illegally disposed of as operating funds for these militaristic forces. A search for
these concealed funds should be conducted
to present militaristic activities and to ensure a fair election, even to the extent
of ignoring activities aimed at the
realization of social justice and the prevention of inflation.
Second is the equalization of wealth and the search for war profits. It is generally
recognized that the wealthy and
privileged classes may prove to be hot-beds of militarism, and an obstacle to the
establishment of popular government, if they
are allowed to possess great wealth. At present, however, we are most concerned in
the effect on the election that war profits
may have. In the forthcoming election, many candidates will draw their campaign funds
from war profits. It is plain to see
what the conduct will be of representatives who succeed in campaigns with such dirty
money. The search for war profits, or the
temporary blocking of war profits, and the equalization of wealth are surely indispensable
steps toward banishing militarism
and establishing democracy.
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