Press translations [Japan]. Editorial Series 0173, 1945-12-28.
Date28 December, 1945
RepositoryRauner Special Collections Library, Dartmouth College.
Call Numbereditorial-0547
Call NumberDS801 .S82
Persistent Identifier
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EDITORIAL SERIES: 173
ITEM 1 Democratization Must First, Begin With A Bold Announcement of the Truth - Provincial
Newspaper
CHUBU NIPPON SHIMBUN (NAGOYA) - 22 Dec 45. Translator: Y. Ebiike.
Summary:
"From the MUKDEN Incident to signing Surrender Terms on the MISSOURI, a "History
of the Pacific War", by Allied Supreme
Headquarters" is a momentous document, which explains to us how and why the destitution,
hunger, uneasiness and humiliation
which we face, now, has fallen upon us. It is a prophecy, an historical sentence which
leads us to the dawn and the
accomplishment of perfect politics, economics, and social revolution. It tells of
the abandoning of such ideas as militarism,
a chosen people, ultra-nationalism and fascism, and it heralds the realization of
pacifism, internationalism, liberalism, and
democracy. In short, it implies the end of old JAPAN and the birth of new JAPAN.
Now, we are going to consider two or three instances among many of those which perhaps
the people of new JAPAN can get from "A
History of the Pacific War." 1. Self-complacent self-aggrandizement commits serious
errors from want of knowledge of
international relations. 2. The fact that the Government hides truth from the people
resulting in irredeemable and
disastro[illegible]s results. 3. The propaganda and diffusion of distorted words cause grave calamity.
The former two are reported completely in "A History of the Pacific War," but the
last one can still be corrected.
There are some examples of "distorted words", today. JAPAN still uses "Greater East
Asia War," while 49 Allied Nations use the
name of "The Pacific War," and because of this fact, JAPAN might be regarded as self
complacent. Next, the Government uses the
phrase "termination of the war" instead of "unconditional surrender," and this fact
hinders the people from staring at reality
and devoting themselves to the reconstruction of their fatherland. Moreover, the Allied
forces call themselves "Occupation
troops," while we name them ''Expeditionary Army." Thus, we tend not to think of the
fair but severe attitude of the Allied
Nations' controlling JAPAN.
We must not take advantage of the ambiguity which is latent in words to become self-intoxicated.
On the contrary, a real
culture shall be nurtured by brief and upright means of expression. In the same way,
a righteous attitude and action can be
brought about by looking into reality and making the truth public. In short, a real
democratization must first begin with the
recognition and correlation of truth, that is to say, emancipation from ignorance.
When we recognize our defeat from its
origin, and experience its severe results, then we can push forth the great work of
reviving our country.
EDITORIAL SERIES: 173 (Continued)
ITEM 2 A Contention About What Japanese History Must Be - Provincial Newspaper KAHOKU
SHINPO (SENDAI) -
23 Dec 45. Translator: S. Inoue.
Full Translation:
Shintoism has been removed from its position as the national religion by a directive
issued by the Supreme Commander for the
Allied Powers. It needs no discussion that both militarists and bureaucrats have used
Shintoism as a mental stay for their war
aims and as a mental base for the nationalistic policy of JAPAN. Shintoism is also
filled with myths not based upon scientific
evidence. It has made our written history unworthy of any scientific criticism.
Accordingly there has been no way for us to understand, through history, the processes
of the evolution of the Japanese race,
the development of its civilization, the transition of its social system and the present
productive and social relations of
the people.
When history is misused for the maintenance of powers which are ambitious to dominate
morality or religion, it not only
becomes an obstacle to the development of historical science but also deforms and
dominates over morality and religion.
History must be entirely be freed from these yokes and clarified upon a basis of scientific
proof, taking into account the
inter-relationship of various economic factors and personal institutions such as the
family system. It must also make evident
the evolutionary process of production relations which evolve upon higher and higher
levels. The fundamental reason or
inevitably of this evolution must be explained in terms of our economic system. When
such or historical science has been
inaugurated, we may be able to expel first the horror for reform and second cultivate
a healthy scepticism, the best anti-dote
to superstition or credulity.
History written from such a point of view can make clear the respective roles played
by any race in the development of human
civilization. The Japanese history now existing is pervaded by a single myth-an evasive
ideology which emphasizes the
superiority of the Japanese race and attempts to dominate the whole world under the
principle of "Hakko Ichiu", or unification
of the world under the authority of a single sovereignty. It has not given, has not
been able to give, any exposition of the
effect of various productive relations on the progression from primitive communism
through feudalism to capitalism. Thus, it
has never made any conspicurous contribution to healthy doubts or to the elimination
of fear of reform—the original mission of
historical science.
Therefore Japanese history has long been pure memory work and never an object of
research for any students endowed with
contemplative faculties backed by a scientific mind. We must rewrite the history of
the Japanese race, nay, the Japanese
people from the standpoint of historical science at this turning point when Shintoism—the
absurdity in Japanese history—is on
the point of being abolished. If the histories of all nations were rewritten in such
a way, every inter-national conflict or
enmity would be eliminated and the recognition of the inevitability of international
peace for the development of civilization
would be brought about. For example, H. G. WELLS' book on the history of world civilization
may serve as a standard for what
history must be. We are now standing at a turning point when Japanese history must
be rewritten—a history of the Japanese
race, fully emancipated from prejudice and baseless superstitions. The accomplishment
of this task is a cultural mission
imposed upon the Japanese people who are about to make a debut in international society
as a peaceful, civilization-loving
nation.
- 2 -
EDITORIAL SERIES: 173 (Continued)
ITEM 3 Utilize The Superfluous Electric Power - Mainichi Shimbun - 26 Dec 45. Translator:
K. Gunji.
Full Translation:
Last year the consumption of electric power per hour was 33 billion kilowatts. This
year almost an equal amount is supplied,
but consumption has been reduced to 16 billion kilowatts per hour. It is almost incredible
that such enormous amounts of
electric power are left unused at a time when, due to the shortage of coal the transportation
by train has been reduced by 50
per cent, factories are not working, and inhabitants of devastated cities are suffering
from lack of gas.
If this amount of electric power is utilized, trains can run at full speed, factories
can be operated, and urban people will
be relieved of suffering from the lack of fuel. It is true that the electrification
of Government railways cannot be attained
within a short period and that of rural districts also takes several years.
Nevertheless, there are simple devices to utilize the superfluous electric power.
The first is the collection of transformers.
The inhabitants of TOKYO have not been supplied with firewood or charcoal in this
cold season. Moreover, they are annoyed by
the frequent stoppage of electric current. This sad plight, however, could easily
be improved if transformers could only be
obtained. The authorities admit that there ought to be a sufficient number of them
in munitions factories throughout the
country. If they are gathered promptly, they can meet the demands of this winter.
Some difficulties may be found. They have
been scattered about in unknown places, and the official price for transformers is
too low. However, at such a crisis, the
authorities must not be too law-bound. The Government should send instructions to
authorities in every town and village to buy
them up at the current price. The owners also should accept the proposal with pleasure
and offer them as soon as
possible.
The mass production of cheap electric utensils will also serve in the improvement
of the situation. The electrification of
boilers is also desirable. It has been demonstrated that this can be realized without
much difficulty. The collection of
motors left unused in the munitions factories will also enable the rural districts
to be electrified. In short,
hydroelectricity is the only reliable motive power in JAPAN. From this point of view,
the Government is reported to be
creating in the near future a new department for the development of that line of enterprise.
Of course this is very fine, but
it is no less important to relieve this country from difficulties now confronting
us.
It is reported, to our delight, that 1200 million kilowatts per hour are to be used
for salt manufacture. Even if all the fuel
of the great cities is replaced by electric power, this will only take 2300 to 2400
million kilowatts per hour. The universal
application of electric power is one of the most urgent tasks before us.
ITEM 4 Measure For Increases in Delivery of Rice - Mainichi Shimbun - 26 Dec 45. Translator:
K.
Gunji.
Full Translation:
The delivery of rice to the Government by the farmers this year is very unsatisfactory.
Of course, the principal cause lies in
the bad crop.
- 3 -
EDITORIAL SERIES: 173 (Continued)
ITEM 4 (Continued)
There are many other causes, namely:
- 1.Farmers store up rice to barter for their requirements in fertilizer, implements, working clothes etc.
- 2.The allotments for delivery were delayed by a month compared to last year's. That is, they were decided early in November this year.
- 3.The promist to return some of the distribution was not fulfilled by the Government.
- 4.The farmers are discontented with agricultural associations, which exist for facility in relations between them and the Government.
- 5.They hesitate to offer rice, for reasons of self-protection, in view of the present food situation.
- 6.They are tempted to get exorbitant profits by black market dealings.
- 7.Rice is very low in price in comparison with vegetables and fish which have risen extremely in price since the recent abolition of fixed prices.
- 8.The stocks of rice in the Army and munitions factories were disposed of in a very unsatisfactory manner.
Reasons two to eight seem to be mere pretenses, but the first reason appears to justify
their conduct, for it means the
transformation of staple food stuff into money. We believe that the production and
delivery are sure to be improved, if the
above-mentioned requirements are supplied. Therefore, the authorities should postpone
production of other commodities and meet
those requirements.
It stands to reason that fertilizer be supplied in proportion to the amount of their
rice offering. Nevertheless, the greeting
of a liquor supply delivery cannot a[illegible]eal to the farmers. Cabinet ministers' visits to rural
districts are of no use except in that they are filled up with plenty of dinner.
Still another step in betterment is the improvement of the present alloting system.
Under the present system, the authorized
amounts for consumption per capita is fixed from the beginning for them. It cannot
be changed in accordance with the amount of
production. It follows that diligent farmers are disappointed and idle ones remain
idle. Therefore, the present method in
which the whole remainder except the authorized consumption amount must be offered,
should be done away with, and a new system
must be adopted, in which they should, offer an amount equal to the farm rent, and
be allowed to dispose of the remainder
freely.
This method is very simple, and does not need the troublesome procedure of allotment
or return of some of their distribution.
Complicated things are taboo among farmers.
DISTRIBUTION "X"
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