Press translations [Japan]. Editorial Series 0137, 1945-12-21.
Date21 December, 1945
RepositoryRauner Special Collections Library, Dartmouth College.
Call Numbereditorial-0438
Call NumberDS801 .S82
Persistent Identifier
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EDITORIAL SERIES: 137
ITEM 1 Complete Abolition of Privileges - Tokyo Shimbun - 19 Dec 45. Translator: M.
Kawanabe.
Full Translation:
The Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers ordered in the directive of 15 December
the separation of SHINTO from the State,
the removal of militaristic and ultra - nationalistic ideology from SHINTO doctrines,
and the elimination of SHINTO from the
schools. This has too important a bearing upon our country to attempt a full discussion
of it in this small column. What the
Supreme Commander intends is clear - namely, the revival and promotion of a democratic
trend in JAPAN and, accordingly, the
abolition of all institutions which check the development of that trend.
It is needless to say how disgraceful is the protection that State SHINTO has enjoyed
up to now. Even the SHINTO sect has
basked in State favor, though the people have been conscious of the difference between
State SHINTO and the SHINTO sect. The
privileges which State SHINTO enjoyed were not confined to rituals alone. It has played
a very important role in the
development and conduct of Japanese thought both in and out of the political sphere.
The object of the directive is to make State SHINTO equal with other religions by
abolishing its privileges and eliminating
its mysteries, which have thus far been carefully screened from the public. Though
there may be dissenting opinions because of
its disparity of social rank, age and culture of those who interpret the directive,
if they grasp its aim rightly, they will
be sure to find that it has the same intentions as that of the directive of 25 November
which ordered the suspension of
pensions for military and naval men.
In order to direct JAPAN toward democracy all obstacles should be removed from her
[illegible]above all,
these old privileges must be abolished. This is a revolutionary measure which will
cause temporary confusion among the people
at large. In time, however, the people will comprehend its true meaning.
ITEM 2 Now is the Time for Political Trials - Mainichi Shimbun - 19 Dec 45. Translator:
K. Hirata.
Full Translation:
The 89th extraordinary session of the Imperial. Diet was concluded Tuesday, with
the Lower House dissolved as scheduled. At
the beginning of the session it was doubted that the passing of the three major bills
would be possible. This was the main
reason for calling the session. Happily, those reform bills were passed. However,
in reality neither the Diet nor the
Government was sincere. The Diet revealed its lack of diligence and sincerity, as
was often the case in former days, in its
deliberation on the Labor Union Yaw and on the agrarian reform. It
EDITORIAL SERIES: 137 (Continued)
ITEM 2 (Continued)
wasted much precious time over the war responsibility issue and indulged in various
discussions of Election Law amendments
from their own selfish viewpoint. On the other hand, the Government also revealed
its ineptness for reconstructing a
democratic JAPAN, as well as failing to solve any of the urgent problems which confronted
the masses who are suffering from
hunger and cold. This miserable state of the Diet, as well as of the Government, indicates
nothing except the fact that our
political leaders have not fully realized the stern reality of the defeat. They lack
the vigor and ability to revolutionize
JAPAN by their own hands. Furthermore, it is to be recalled that most of the House
members are those who were selected by the
TOJO Cabinet through its precedent-breaking interference with the last election. They
did nothing in the Diet but chime in
with TOJO policy.
A general election is to be held in a month and a half which will be the most important
general election since the
establishment of the Diet, whether or not the Nation can reconstruct a new JAPAN is
entirely dependent upon the outcome of
this election. The people must fully realize the weighty responsibility which rests
upon their shoulders. The number of voters
has suddenly increased from 15 million to 40 million, due to woman suffrage and the
lowering of voting age requirements. The
will of the whole Ration will most certainly be manifested in the forthcoming election.
Needless to say, such an important
election must be carried out fairly and justly. Therefore, it is desirable that the
Government, the press and the
intellectuals commence to enlighten the Nation politically in a thorough manner. The
democratic construction of politics
depends upon the reconstruction of the Diet, particularly of the lower House. Representative
government will ultimately
resolve itself into party government and it is the party which has the majority in
the Diet that will have the power. This is
the normal course of constitutional government. Nevertheless, there is yet no sharp
division among the existing political
parties. It is true that the Social-Democratic, Progressive, Communist and other minor
parties have already been formed. But
who can tell if the Progressive Party, at present the majority party, will long remain
unchanged? Presumably this chaotic
political condition is the reason why the Diet was obliged to adopt the restricted
plural ballot system, hesitating to adopt
proportional representation on a major electorate basis. Therefore, in the forthcoming
election the choice will be between
"Party first" and "Candidate first". Such an analysis of representative government
will also require political education for
the masses on a large scale.
At any rate, a really representative government has been set in motion for the first
time in JAPAN's 50 years of
constitutional government. And yet, in this time of unprecedented hardship, we can
expect nothing from the political bosses.
On the contrary, we find it urgently necessary to eliminate these old-type political
leaders. The present leaders of the Diet,
who are responsible for the present deplorable state of the Nation, should be forced
to give up the idea of running in the
next general election. We earnestly hope for the appearance of new politicians who
are really progressive and possess the
ability to put their proposals into action. The future of JAPAN now rests with the
will of 40 million voters of our
Nation.
ITEM 3 "Is there any Japanese Nation?" - Yomiuri-Hochi - 20 Dec 45. Translator: H.
Furukawa.
Full Translation:
I was filled with deep emotion while reading "MacARTHUR's Revolution" in this column
on 9 December. The military and civil
officials, who ruled
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EDITORIAL SERIES: 137 (Continued)
ITEM 3 (Continued)
the people during the war resemble those workers who ride on the trucks of the occupation
forces, and mocking those waiting in
line for trams. How can we Japanese rid ourselves of dependency on authority? Why
do not the people stand on their own
authority? We are confronted by the fact that those who acquired money and position
in the confusion caused by war are now
beaten down. Under such a social situation, the Japanese, if they can not be independent,
will suffer the same fate as the
BOER people who disappeared from the world after their struggle with ENGLAND.
Momentary pleasure is now out of the question. We Japanese should be hopeful for
the future, and longing for independence,
even though we are reduced to our present deplorable state. (SUZUKl, Ichiro)
ITEM 4 "Cold and Hunger are Near" - Mainichi Shimbun - 20 Dec 45. Transalator: H.
Furukawa.
Summary:
Cold and hunger have become real now and inefficient officials have created no effective
measure to cope with the situation.
What is most necessary is not discussion or study, but immediate action, the absence
of which will cause many to die of hunger
and cold before next spring, hear that the lack of transportation facilities is the
main cause for the food shortage in
cities. Therefore, I propose the following plan:
Many men who are now out of work are spending their days idly, without any plan for
the future. These idlers should be
mobilized forcibly for the transportation of food and fuel. As reward for their labor,
proper amounts of food and fuel should
be put aside for them to take home. I feel confident that this measure will be very
effective in alleviating the shortage of
food and transportation.
(HYODO, Sadatake.)
DISTRIBUTION "X"
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