Press translations [Japan]. Editorial Series 0086, 1945-12-13.
Date13 December, 1945
RepositoryRauner Special Collections Library, Dartmouth College.
Call Numbereditorial-0300
Call NumberDS801 .S82
Persistent Identifier
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EDITORIAL SERIES: 86
ITEM 1 Restoration of Sound Finance and National Economy - The Yomiuri-9 Dec 45. Translator:
J. Wada
Full Transition:
The problem of the restoration of sound finance can not he solved without fully understanding
the character of the economic
revolution now going on in our country, since national economy itself determines the
nature of the nation's finance.
Our country has lost all the economic foundations of its imperialism and feudalism
by its surrender. On the one hand we have
been obliged to give up our colonies and to eliminate all munitions industries, diminishing
the key industries. On the other
hand, the Land Reform Bill, which is presented to the current Diet, means a gradual
collapse of the landlords. Being faced
with such a revolutionary change in economy, our financial policy which has been founded
on fostering a feudalistic and
imperialistic economy, should be out on a new democratic basis.
From the above mentioned point of view, we are greatly disappointed at the financial
reconstruction plan published in the
current Diet by Financial Minister SHIBUZAWA. The published plan, centering on the
war property tax the property tax and a
general tax increase, bares the Cabinet's intention to preserve imperialism, but shows
no zeal for protecting the nation from
vicious inflation.
The Five Year Financial Plan of the Financial Ministry aims at a surplus of about
8,000,000,000 yen for the 1950-51 fiscal
year, National bondelard to be redeimed up to 100 billion yen. Revenue will be earned
from the tax system reform, a rise in
the prices of tobacco, the war profit tax, and the property tax. On the other hand
payment of indemnities amounting to 43
billion yen will be made.
But the plan, which is a list of estimated skeleton budgets, omits such items as
Indemnities for overseas properties,
reparations and the cost of social works which are expected to increase remarkably
in the future. A plan which excludes such
important items can not even be called "skeleton," It is merely a fragment of a financial
plan.
Even with these fragments we do not necessarily agree. In the revenue from the general
tax, the plan estimates for the coming
five fiscal years a decrease of about 4,800,000,000 yen. But the estimated decrease
in income is too small for our economy
which has been deprived of colonies and munition industries, and which also has had
other key industries reduced. If the
estimated sum of revenue can not be collected from the financiers, it will certainly
EDITORIAL SERIES 86 (Continued)
ITEM 1 (Continued)
be taken from the working class. This seems most probable since Finance Minister
SHIBUZAWA declared his intention of effecting
a general increase in indirect taxes and raising the price of tobacco.
In relation to the above, we should like to point oat the extremely reactionary character
of the indemnification to munition
industries and overseas properties. The protection of capital invested in munition
enterprises means the preservation of
fictitions capital. Indemnities to munition enterprises and oversea enterprises are
estimated at more than 100 billion yen.
The sum of notional bonds is calculated at 130 billion yen, making a total of 230
billion yen of national bonds is redeemed
with revenue from the property taxes, the present sum of the national debenture is
left unpaid. Can the nation's finances bear
this burdea with the increasing cost of social works and the diminishing national
economy?
Moreover, it is the imperialistic capitalists who are rescued by the indemnification.
It is the people at large who will
suffer from the vicious inflation which will be caused by a financial deficit. The
nation's financial system should ruin these
imperialistic capitalists but should never help them.
Finance Minister SHIBUZAWA says that the disavowal of indemnification will cause
disorder in economy. However, it is generally
recognized that superior enterprises can attain successful reconversion without indemnities,
Moreover, if some enterprises
break down, because of hen-payment it is possible for the government to evade the
financial problem of indemnification.
We should strongly oppose a financial policy which aims to preserve imperialistic
economy by mass taxation and indemnification
to capitalists, under the guise of financial reconstruction. Such an attitude on the
part of the public will do much to check
inflation and aid the cause of democracy.
ITEM 2 Repatriation - Asahi Shimbun - 9 Dec 45. Translator: S. Fukuda
Extracts:
A repatriate from KOREA writes, "I was an educator, the principal of a girls' school
in ZOREA, for 32 years. Having
experienced the bitter hardships of defeat, I returned to ITO on 1 November of this
year to receive care in my relatives
house.
"Post-war Zoreans think themselves war victors and Japanese are the object of their
hatred. After the Allies' occupation, the
power of the police fell into the hands of Koreans. Japanese governmental officials
and influential industrialists have been
confined for some reason. Most regrettably, 22 officials, including the prefectual
governor of KEIKIDO, were put under
confinement in the same manner. Educational works which have been cultivated for years
are confronted by a dangerous situation
in the treason of Korean students who resents the leception of Japanese statesmen
and the military clieque. I think we must
sympathize with the Japanese in KAISHU, DOJO, KAIJO and more northern areas now under
Soviet occupation, A friend of mine and
two girls disappeared recently. Some officials are used for forced labor in the daytime.
Japanese living in the southern area
of KOREA are safe, however, in the hands of the American Army. There is no Japanese
who does not suffer from violent acts by
Koreans.
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EDITORIAL SERIES 86 (Continued)
ITEM 2 (Continued)
On returning to JAPAN Japanese are allowed to bring only 1,000 yen in cash, their
postal deposit passbooks, are limited to the
baggage they are able to carry, are transported by freight cars, made to sleep for
two or three days in the open in FUSAN to
await ferries. Such is the ill treatment of Japanese.
As for my postal savings, about 26,000 was suspended on 14 November. At this very
time, I ask the Imperial Diet to stand up
for the relief of overseas Japanese. Americans are rich in understanding our sincerity
and eagernesses, I fear only that the
postal savings of our fellow Japanese will become invalid. Is it not quite proper
that the government should earnestly entreat
Allied Headquarters to take due measures? (From KWAKAMI, Masayoshi, Principal LaGirl's
School.)
A 14 year old girl writes, "Father has not come back yet. I am also one of those
sympathizers who read the articles, 'Father
Lives In SAGEALIEN' and "Some Fallow Japanese In MANCHURIA.' My father was once a
government official of a city near the
boarder of eastern MANCHURIA. I can not help but believe, that he is being troubled
with cold and hunger in the Manchurian
winter.
There will be no active support for my family for the coming four years. I am full
of four as to how or family can get along
in this tine of high prices. I am 14 years old this year. I am poor in health and
can not help earn our livelihood. My mother
in has three children and it is impossible, because of the job, to look after them.
I do not knew how many years we must wait
for my father. I think tens or hundreds of people are now under the same unfortunate
circumstances as he. I earnestly ask the
government to take assist these unfortunate people."
(From AKITA, Yoshiko, MIYAGI Ken.)
(From AKITA, Yoshiko, MIYAGI Ken.)
A repatriate from MANCHURIA writes, "Before the end of the war, we and our families,
Japanese, were ordered to MAHCHURIA by
the Secretary for Munitions to promote the aviation industry there. We reached HARAIN
in June this year and worked hard to
establish plants. But as soon as the Soviets entered the war, we were driven out by
the rapid advance of their forces, and
could barely get to the homeland.
What are the things that face us in JAPAN? We had no houses to live in, no clothes
to wear and no money to buy and thing. A
great number of repatriates have no cash because they have not been given any chance
to dray deposited money. It is now
impossible to draw deposits from home banks because of suspension of exchange. The
Board of Foreign Funds of the Finance
Ministry and The Society for Supporting War Victims never advise us. Where must we
go? We feel especially cold on winter
nights for we have neither mattresses nor quilt, and are still wearing summer clothing.
I heard recently that the end of the war had been known among the ministers of the
cabinet before we went to MAHCHURIA. We
were deceived by a secret policy of the Ministry of Munitions which was called MARUAMA.
There still remain more than 5,000
victims like us in MANCHURIA. How on earth will the government rescue them? (From
NAGATO, Rikiyo, Care taken of
Repatriates.)
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EDITORIAL SERIES 86 (Continued)
ITEM 3 Verdict on General Yamashita and Our Way - Asahi Shimbun - 9 Dec 45 Translator:
K. Nagatani
Full Translation:
The death sentence on General YAMASHITA is creating a sensational stir all over the
world as it is the first verdict made on
the numerous war criminal suspects accused by the Allied Powers.
Here I will trace the rise of General YAMASHITA. He was under the watch of General
TAJO and has remanded to the southern
front. When he returned home during the war, General YAMASHITA was not permitted to
go to the court as other generals did and
he was cruely ordered to take command of the Japanese Expeditionary Forces in HORTH
MANCHURIA. No sooner had the collapse of
the Japanese in [illegible]the PHILLIPINES proved decisive than he was directed to face the [illegible]victorious American forces at the head of the crack KWANTUNG Army.
Denying his own crime, General YAMASHITA thanked the American authorities for a fair
trial and for their honest and
conscientious manners. His counsel petitioned the Supreme Court for review on the
same day the verdict was given. Such
cincerity by his counsel is being greeted with public favor. Chief Prosecutor KEENAN
pledged himself to just and fair trials,
saying; "All war criminal suspects are not guilty and there are some suspects who
will be released as our investigation goes
on."
Death or release, whatever the verdict may be, there is no other way left for any
Japanese war criminal, but to await the
verdict. We should go ahead in the realization of justice. The very spirit of fair
play must be the beacon to pilot future
JAPAN. Since the Manchurian Incident of 1931, JAPAN has been mixed up in many shady
transactions.
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