Press translations [Japan]. Editorial Series 0064, 1945-12-07.
Date7 December, 1945
RepositoryRauner Special Collections Library, Dartmouth College.
Call Numbereditorial-0248
Call NumberDS801 .S82
Persistent Identifier
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EDITORIAL SERIES: 64
ITEM 1 The Progressive Party And The Present Diet - Tokyo Shimbun - 3 Dec 45. Translator:
K. Gunti.
Full Translation:
In the present Diet, the Progressive Party is the absolute majority party in the
Lower House, and accordingly, the Diet
depends upon this Party for its decisions. Whether or not the three major bills before
the Diet, namely, the Election reform
Bill, the Land Reform Bill, and the Labor Union Bill, are approved or are amended,
or if the amendment is reactionary, is
wholly dependent upon the attitude of that party.
It is generally acknowledged that, of the three major parties, the Progressive Party
is the most deeply colored with the old
regime. Yet these three bills are the most epoch-making and democratic ones ever to
be before the Diet. But the democratic
flavor of the bills is unfavorable to the interests of that party. Now they must decide
the destiny of those bills, according
to their responsibilities, in accord with their platform which speaks for the cause
of democracy, and parliamentary politics
under the close scrutiny of eighty million people. They are forced to make clear whether
their platform is genuine or simply a
pretense.
Putting aside the Election Reform Bill for a moment, we find that the other two bills
are obviously unfavorable to the
landlords and capitalists. In Diets of the past the rejection of thorn would have
been a matter of course. But now, that the
Diet must stand for democracy and parliamentary politics, we believe they will not
have the courage to reject them. They will
have no alternative except for incomplete deliberations or reactionary amendments.
The Diet is sensitive to the public
feeling, however, and never undertakes such movements or its own initiative. The leaders
who are well versed in the strategy
of the Diet will try to seek the first step to it in other party movements.
In view of the present political situation, the bills should be put in force as soon
as possible and should be amended by
degrees. The Social Democratic Party, in favor of complete amendment, must especially
be careful unless the reactionaries take
advantage of them.
ITEM 2 "Doctrines for Japanese Subjects" - Asahi Shimbun
-
4 Dec 45. Translator: M. Kawanabe.
Full Translation:
Education Minister MAEDA has just recently revealed his intentions in a reply to
a representative in Diet that the "Doctrines
for Japanese Subjects" which was published from March 1941 to the end
EDITORIAL SERIES: 64 (Continued)
ITEM 2 (Continued)
of the war by the Education Department will be taken out of print due to the "inadequacy
of its contents." The book, aided by
the Government, was circulated throughout the country and vas greatly popularized
among the people. The greet majority of
people sought from the book a spritual basis for their conduct during wartime; and
it is an interesting fact that no school
teacher ascended the platform without the book in his hands, as it was edited for
the purpose of clarifying the doctrines by
which the Japanese nation should abide and for contributing to the cultivation and
encouregement of national moral virtues. So
it is strange that such a book should be termed by mere words of explanation as "inadequacy
of its contents." Such treatment
of the book will give to the people the impression that any national virtue or principal
may be handled like a sheet of paper
and will tend to reduce the people's confidence in the Education Department. The point
of the question lies in the fact that
the abolition of the book's publication is merely an Administrative step and no other.
Thought concerning the book should be
strictly criticized by the individual public. A thought can only be subdued by another
superior thought and not by the
prohibition of publication, as is pointed out in history. The Education Minister must
be very strict in doing away with the
book. We mean "strict" naturally in treatment of the thought of the book and not in
a material sense as would require the
complete destruction of the book. But, so far as concerns the Minister's statement
in the Diet, it referred only to the
abolition of the publication of "Doctrines of the Japanese Subjects" and in no way
contained criticism of its ideological
contents. The educational course of democratic JAPAN will be clear only by a strict
criticism of the book. Without it, the
Japanese educational circles would be thoughtless and empty. It is common, knowledge
that "Doctrines of the Japanese Subjects"
already had been exposed to public criticism and we hear that the educational authorities
intend to arrange some data
necessary for educational control of it. But this fact should hot be the pretext for
neglecting criticism of the book itself.
The book says, "the Doctrines of the Japanese Subject's originated from our national
constitution and should be cherished
deeply and widely by the subjects." Abolition of such concepts needs a clear criticism.
Prohibition of thought without its
criticism is nothing more than burning of books and will contribute nothing towards
the construction of democratic JAPAN. At
least, it will reduce the teachers' confidence in the Education Minister. It is thought
that should be destroyed and not a
copy of the publications. A thought is destroyed only by another thought. It is quite
clear that the abolition of the book's
circulation alone will not justify the position of the present Minister of Education.
ITEM 3 Election Recommendation Letters - Mainichi Shimbun - 4 Dec 45. Translator:
Y. A. Suzuki.
Full Translation:
Freedom in the election campaign is essential, and farmer controlling regulations
must be revised and greatly relaxed. Above
all, I advocate that, besides the campaign workers the people themselves sponsor written
recommendation letters and avoid
strictly printed ones during the election campaign. Though economy of both paper and
exestion were emphasized at the time of
the election of the TOJO Cabinet, people recommending candidates, or rather third
persons who supported them, sent out
numerous postcards printed with re-commendation letters which interfered with the
freedom of the election.
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EDITORIAL SERIES: 64 (Continued)
ITEM 3 (Continued)
The number of recommending letters exerted great influence for they almost decided
the results of the election. If this were
restricted to personal recommendation the sender would feel more responsibile, and
would study the political programs
advocated by the candidates. They would also vote intelligently after having investigated
the man's qualification. The
people's political interest would then increase and the election world would be an
enlightened one. By this method, not only
would it save paper, effort, and election expenditures, but every voter would he able
to send a written, personal
recommendation of any candidate to his friends. He would vote individually without
being influenced by the candidates or the
campaign workers. It would then become a very interesting national election campaign
and would also be realistic political
instruction for the people.
I hope that more attention can be given by newspaper staffs, political parties, educational
bodies, men and women's
associations, and the farmer-labor parties to the campaign, and I also hope that the
sending of printed recommendation letters
will be prohibited.
(Letter from a lawyer HIKIDA, Hideo)
ITEM 4 Starvation and works of Art - Asahi Shimbun - 5 Dec 45. Translator: B. Ishibashi.
Summary:
While there may be some who feel my expression of the following opinion is strange,
I nevertheless, place all the more
emphasis upon it. I am living as a painter in defeated JAPAN. I have an atelier which
was barely saved during the war, but my
conscience does not allow me to keep it all to myself.
Our general public is now on the verge of starvation. We cannot be but alarmed at
the appeals of the residents of TOKYO and
OSAKA, crying for a more reasonable ration of food. So deeply am I impressed that
I can hardly continue living as a
painter.
Meanwhile, the wealthy and the peers of JAPAN have many works of art, most of which
are notable works, and some of them may
even be called national treasures. Only the privileged circle of our artistic world
is allowed to appreciate them. Those works
of art are not open to public appreciation and have become sort of secret, private,
possessions, even though they have a great
monetary value in the family of nations. And a great many of the wealthy class owning
them are those who have little knowledge
about the fine arts. It can be said that they are using works of art as mere decorations
in their privileged and wealthy
lives, and they even plan further collections of works of art.
Jewels, which now possess high international monetary value, have long been collected
by the more far-sighted among the
wealthy. Now, is not the present a most opportune time to advocate the presentation
of those works of art as collateral for
food import? I wonder why a suggestion to export these artistic possessions to America
as a public and common property of the
world, in order to relieve our public from starvation, is not made among our artists
themselves?
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EDITORIAL SERIES: 64 (Continued)
ITEM 4 (Continued)
In addition, it must be recognized that occidentals were first to appreciate the
true value of Japanese art, and in return the
Japanese public was instructed in western art. For example, many of Japanese color
prints, which were exported to FRANCE, were
considered great contributions to French art circles. At present, I know that an American
student in the Allied Forces,
introduced by the Boston Art Museum, is studying Japanese art under one of my friends
at KYOTO.
The contribution that has been made by those rich and privileged circles to the cultural
life of JAPAN is questionable. The
intrinsic value of art is, needless to say, based on humanism. The Greek Civilization
and the Renaissance Movement did not
take place apart from the people. Art is the result of the pursuit of humanism. In
JAPAN, as well as in any other country, the
great works from ancient times are judged on the basis of humanism. Art was never
made for the rich to use as a
decoration.
Of course, I am a lover of the works of art as well as they. But in our present serious
situation in which 100 million men are
said to be starving, it is useless to keep those precious works of art within a limited
circle. Export those works of art as
soon as possible in exchange for food, which our nation needs badly at present. This
may indeed also help to democratize our
artistic world.
DISTRIBUTION "X"
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