Press translations [Japan]. Editorial Series 0063, 1945-12-06.
Date6 December, 1945
RepositoryRauner Special Collections Library, Dartmouth College.
Call Numbereditorial-0244
Call NumberDS801 .S82
Persistent Identifier
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EDITORIAL SERIES: 63
ITEM 1 Our Answer to a Chinese - Asahi Shimbun - 4 Dec 45. Translator: K. Nagatani.
Full translation:
Mr. K. HAYASHI, lecturer on the Medical Faculty of TOHOKU Imperial University, stated,
"We lost the war, and so we may not be
qualified to advise the victorious Chinese Nation. But it is my duty to answer Mr.
KAO Yu-shu's contribution.
"The Japanese people fought the Chinese in the theater of CHINA, plungin the Chinese
into a great ruin. We were even so
haughty as to "build memorial obelisks for our dead in CHINA. We are now ready to
atone for past misdeeds. We frankly admit
that the past Sino-Japanese conflicts were based upon the desires of the Japanese.
"We neglected to curb our military clique in its aggressions. In a certain stage
of the CHINA war, our people indulged in
hearing war news with a map of CHINA unfolded on the table. We are forced now to reflect
on Japanese culture. Eighty years
since the MEIJI Restoration was too short for Japanese culture to attain maturity
through contact with Western culture. All
this tended to load JAPAN to the present surrender. We are ready to apologize to Mr.
KAO Yu-shu, to the Chinese people, and to
your wise leader, CHIANG Kai-shek.
"We should like to ponder on some aspects which Mr. KAO did not mention in his letter.
Is Mr. KAO justified in deciding to be
"unreasonable" in regard to our sense of superiority over the Chinese? The chaos of
Chinese politics and economy accounts for
our sense of superiority over the Chinese. It is a matter of regret that as soon as
the Japanese troops were disarmed, civil
war broke out in CHINA.
"We are resolved to assume our responsibility for the past tragedies between both
Nations. However, the Chinese people, too,
should reflect upon the causes of our superiority complex toward the Chinese. We heartily
expect CHINA to improve in culture,
morale and strength. Perhaps the Chinese people will be surprised to hear such an
answer from a defeated Nation? We firmly
believe, however, that success in constructing a new ASIA depends upon competent advice
and co-operation among the Asiatic
Nations."
NAGAI, Makoto (Doctor of Literature) stated: "I was overwhelmed with shame as I read
Mr. KAO Yu-shu's letter 'From a Chinese'.
I do not favor the self-complacent theory of narrow minded nationalists. Self-pride
of each individual is a basis fom our
mutual respect. Who spits
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EDITORIAL SERIES: 63 (Continued)
ITEM 1 (Continued)
against the wind, spits in his own face. Contempt for others is contempt for one's
self. JAPAN introduced and digested the
Chinese, Indian, and European cultures. That means JAPAN had a proper culture, for
a savage nation cannot introduce and digest
any foreign culture. Confucianism and the works of CONFUCIUS have been as highly esteemed
and as widely read among our people
as in CHINA. In the scientific study of Confucianism, JAPAN has no equal.
"I believe, moreover, that Confucianism is emphasized in our Nation's daily life
rather than in that of CHINA, the birth place
of CONFUCIUS. We have no alternative but to resume our life as cultured Japanese.
The Chinese people from olden times have
thought more of the pen than of the sword. We hope to contribute a great deal to world
culture in close co-operation with your
Nation."
ITEM 2 An Advertisement for People Needed by the American Forces - Tokyo Shimbun -
4 Dec 45. Translator:
H. Arai.
Full translation:
I feel great sympathy for the unemployed person who contributed an article to this
column of the 'Tokyo' dated 28 November.
Though I am not responsible for such an advertisement, as you stated, I will answer
you in my capacity as the master of an
employment station. This advertisement is being carried by newspapers and other mediums,
but it is a pity that sometimes
subscribers disagreed with employers as to the conditions they desire.
You say that the advertisement asked the unemployed to go to employment stations
quickly. Indeed, it is true. At every
employment station, we have enlarged the employment station, have made efforts to
find positions for demobilized soldiers, and
for those who have been thrown out of munitions factories and other jobs. In this
manner, many jobs have been found. It goes
without saying that in order to carry out one of the items of the POTSDAM Declaration,
we must do our own best to gather as
many workmen as the American Forces demand. To establish a new JAPAN, we must also
secure enough laborers for Japanese
industry which, since the end of the war, is now producing civilian goods.
I hope you may find a regular job, after consulting with the authorities of the employment
station in your neighborhood.
Employment now will aid in bridging the present crisis in JAPAN's national life.
ITEM 3 Miserable Position of Japanese Women under Criminal and Civil Codes - Mainichi
Shimbun - 4 Dec 45.
Translator: H. Furukawa.
Full translation:
Women's suffrage is the most important point of the Election Law Reform Bill. Since
it was introduced to the Diet by direction
of General MacARTHUR's Headquarters, the Diet is forced to give tacit consent to it.
Now that the women are favored with the
same political rights as men, the same social position should also be given to them.
Women's suffrage is another step towards
the establishment of sex equality in criminal and civil law. The criminal code of
JAPAN does not demand "the husband's
chastity". Adultery is limited to the wife, and her adultery can be discussed as a
crime only by prosecution of the
husband.
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EDITORIAL SERIES: 63 (Continued)
ITEM 3 (Continued)
Such unequal treatment of women in the criminal code is supported by the principles
established in the family system of JAPAN.
But now, with the views of the world, expressed in the "Male State" by Dr. ROSENBERG
making it unavoidable, it must be
regarded as a remnant of feudalism. We remember that the beginning of the KYOTO Imperial
University Incident" was caused by
the radio broadcast of Professor TAKIKAWA of KYOTO Imperial University on the criminal
code and by his work, "Lectures on the
Criminal Code."
Mr. HATOYAMA, then Education Minister, dismissed Professor TAKIKAWA because he insisted
in his work that the provision on
adultery should be omitted from the criminal code so long as it was based on the sex
inequality principle, which he regarded
as irrational. Therefore, he was dismissed on the charge that his "dangerous" theory
could be harmful to the manners and
morals of JAPAN. Opposing his dismissal, Dr. SASAKI, Soichi, professor at the same
university, protested for the sake of
"academic freedom". His protest led other professors of the Law Faculty to resign
and created a sensation in the academic
world.
Lately, this important problem has come to a peaceful settlement; the resumption
of professorships by Messrs. SUEKAWA,
TSUNETO, TAKIKAWA and TAMURA was decided on, and Dr. SASAKI has become a professor
emeritus. Now Mr. HATCYAMA is the leader of
the Liberal Party and is an ardent supporter of female suffrage.
The theory of Mr. TAKIKAWA is commonly exercised in a democratic country, and in
many countries adultery is admitted as
sufficient reason for divorce. Dr. HOZUMI holds the opinion that adultery should hold
equal punishment irrespective of sex.
Furthermore, the woman's position provided in the civil code of JAPAN is pitiful because
it implies that a wife is an
incompetent. The wife has no more legal power than incompetents with mental derangement
or mental disability, deafness, or
dumbness.
It is interesting to note that the above provision stems from the theory that the
man should be superior to the woman in order
that married life be harmonious and peaceful. In other words, the wife has no legal
capacity to manage her property, let alone
that of her husband, nor can she assume a debt without her husband's permission.
On the other hand, a woman who is not legally married is fully endowed with her legal
powers, which are never restrained by a
husband. The legislation which is designed to protect a wife who is not legally married
has increased during the war. This is
due to the fact that common law wives are very numerous in JAPAN. A common law wife
is free from her husband's control,
according to the civil code, and she nay still enjoy her marital position just as
a legal wife may. The position of the common
law wife is quite favorable, compared to that of a legal wife. The position of a legal
wife is very low, and her "real power"
is another problem. The civil code is based on the inequality of husband and wife,
rather than that of man and woman, and it
goes without saying that such irrationality cannot find a place in our new democracy.
Distribution "X"
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