Press translations [Japan]. Economic Series 0312, 1946-01-27.
Date27 January, 1946
RepositoryRauner Special Collections Library, Dartmouth College.
Call Numbereconomic-0966
Call NumberDS801 .S81
Persistent Identifier
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ECONOMIC SERIES: 312
ITEM 1 Mental Attitude of Farmers at the Turning Point - Provincial Newspaper Niigata
Nippo (Niigata) -
22 Jan 46. Translator: Y. Ebiike.
Summary:
The reform of the agrarian land system, a drastic revolution to all agra[illegible]ian villages, perhaps has
had more effect on our prefecture than on any other, since ours is the foremost rice-producing
prefecture and at the same time
most typical of the landlord system. What do the 1,000,000 farmers in our prefecture
think of this democratication of agrarian
villages?
Strange to say, the most conspicuous trend is that it is the tenant farmers themselves,
not the landlords, who are more
inclined to hesitate in accepting the new agrarian law, which promises to break down
the privilege of landlords and to
emancipate farmers from their slavish fetters. Although some landlords are willing
to offer their land to [illegible]the fact that the majority of the latter do not want to become landed farmers impresses
us with a
feeling of unrest for the future of this reform. No money to buy farms, fear of a
decline in the price of rice in the future,
etc. may account in some measure for this trend, but more important is the fact that
farmers still cherish their so-called
tenant farmers disposition. They think it is of no advantage to them to be land holders,
if farm rent can be paid in money and
not in rice as has been the practice up to now. Hence, they prefer to remain tenant-farmers,
saying it is a more carefree way
of living. Since they cannot rid themselves of such an old-fashioned tenant-farmers
disposition, it is not an exaggeration to
say that it is the farmers themselves who are checking their emancipation; the democratization
of agricultural villages can
never be achieved without their co-operation.
The farmers in our prefecture have lacked an independent spirit, being bound by old
conventions, while domestic simplicity
characterize the agrarian life. But they must now bear in mind that the coming reformation
includes the breakdown of
long-established traditions and customs to some extent.
According to our prefectural authorities' policy, the Agricultural Association will
buy one third of the 60,000 chobu of
farmland in three years after the 1945 fiscal year, and the other two thirds is left
for the farmers to purchase with their
own funds. But in case the farmers will not buy it, more than five cho and two tan
(the maximum allowed to the landlords) will
remain in landowners' hands, and the feudalism in agrarian villages will not be completely
swept away.
Farmers must get rid of their old tenants' disposition at once, and wage their co-operative
offensive under the banner of the
emancipation of farmers and the democratization of agricultural villages. The town
and village agricultural farm land
committee are due to be reorganized in the near future, and the staffs of the Agricultural
Associations will be re-elected.
Tenant farmers must be ready to make use of this opportunity. The farmers must rise
up in the coming agrarian revolution. No
matter he the system is revised, it is of no avail without the desired results. We
want farmers to awaken in the face of the
epoch-making revolution in agricultural villages.
EDITORIAL SERIES: 312 (Continued)
ITEM 2 The Prospect of the Organization of the Democratic Popular Front - Provincial
Newspaper
Kahoku-Shimpo (Sendai) - 23 Jan 46. Translator: T. Unayama.
Full Translation:
The Government has resolved to strengthen its control over rice delivery. The JAPAN
Communist Party and the Social Democratic
Party have protested against this move, and the All JAPAN Agricultural Economic Association
has also opposed it along the same
lines as the aforesaid parries. Sine, the rice crop this year has not yet been consumed,
if rice delivery goes well the people
will be able to subsist on it.
Now the Communist Party, the Social Democratic Party and other progressive political
parties, as well as some economic bodies,
have stood against the Government's compulsory measures for race delivery, and have
uniformly advocated autonomous common
control in the hands of producers and consumers. Accordingly, the urgent counter-measures
concerning rice delivery should be
taken as joint action by these parties and bodies. other words, at present there exists
the objective situation in which these
parties and bodies can organize the common front to tide over the food crisis by better
means than the Government's compulsory
measures.
Some time ago, the Communist Party advanced a proposal to the Social-Democratic Party
requiring the organization of a united
front between the two parties, which are fighting for a common aim, but the Social
Democratic Party refused the proposal for
the reason that, since the subjective condition have not yet been established, the
party could not accept the proposal before
the general election. We can understand the feeling of the leaders of the Social Democratic
Party, who would not behave
submissively toward the Communist Party because of their being thrown off their guard
by the leaders of the Communist Party in
the past. When we observe their past, it is also conceivable that the Communist Party,
hither had been kept at a distance by
the people, and that its leaders would frequently quarrel with, and part from the
leaders of the opposite parties. They had a
hatred toward the betrayers of their own party because of their lack of a conciliatory
spirit.
It must not, then, be overlooked that the leaders of the two parties may be unable
to go hand in hand because of their careers
of fighting in the past, but the younger members of the parties, who are devoting
themselves to the fight for the people, have
already been reconciled with each other and have substantially organized a united
front. In provinces, there may also be a
political mud-slinging contest between the local leaders of the parties, but the advance-guard
fighters, who are running about
like mice for the organization of the labor union and the farmers' union, have already
joined hands. They pay no attention to
the upper leaders who are addicted to discussions on the united front. Mr. NOZAKA,
Sanzo, who returned from abroad recently,
advised the JAPAN Communist Party that it should become a party to be loved by the
people. However, it seems that, except for
the upper leaders and those connected directly with them, the advance guard elements
of both the Communist Party and the
Social Democratic Party, who are busy in fight every day are broad-minded and have
in some districts, already made a
democratic front.
It can be said, therefore, that while the upper leaders are bickering with each other
over their sphere of influence and
prestige, among the people the organization of the united front against urgent problems
is no in progress. This trend tells
that the ground work, on which the united front can be organized against the common
aim between the Communist Part the Social
Democratic Party, and other progressive parties and bodies, is now ready. However,
it will be difficult to bring into an
organized movement this united front, owing to the sense of form which shows only
in connection with parties and bodies. We
hope that this united front
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EDITORIAL SERIES: 312 (Continued)
ITEM 2 (Continued)
will be brought into such an organization as, for instance, the Foodstuff Control
Federation, incorporating all parties arid
bodies, and that a real democratic popular front will be organized. In short, the
Communist Party, the Social Democratic
Party, and other parties and bodies should stand for a certain concrete object, free
from all prejudices. For this purpose,
the leaders of the Communist Party, the Social Democratic Party, and all other participating
bodies should co-operate with
each other with a more broad-minded attitude. At present, we should all reconcile
and co-operate with each other to achieve
the reconstruction of a peaceful JAPAN, giving up narrow-mindedness to expand the
strength of the party. To organize 95 per
cent of the masses of laborers into a democratic front, the advance guard elements
are required to find fresh and broad-minded
progressive people among the masses, and form a common cause with them.
ITEM 3 Noble Deed By American Soldier - Asahi-Shimbun - 25 Jan 46. Translator:
Y. Naruse.
Full Translation:
According to an American newspaper, a scholarship fund in memory of the late Robert
JOHNSTON, an American soldier who died
fighting in the PHILIPPINES in this war, has been set up in AMERICA. His parents,
who received $ 10,000 as their dead son's
life insurance money, have offered the sum to Lafayette University under the will
of the deceased. When we hear the intentions
of the late Mr. JOHNSTON for this money, we are inspired with a feeling of reverence.
This money, the late Mr. JOHNSTON hopes, will first be used for a scholarship for
a Japanese student, and if no qualified
person is found, it is to be offered for the same use to Chinese, Korean or Filipino
students. Then, if no suitable person is
discovered, he wants this fund to be given to white students, who wish to engage in
missionary work in the Orient.
Although those who return good for evil are never uncommon, the late Mr. JOHNSTON'S
mental state was so pure that he did not
know enmity but only affection. It is the same attitude as that of Generalissimo CHIANG
Kai-shek who declares that he will
return righteousness for force. We must now well understand the noble mental state
now existing in the minds of the Americans
and the Chinese.
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