Press translations [Japan]. Economic Series 0153, 1946-01-12.
Date12 January, 1946
translation numbereconomic-0732
call numberDS801 .S81
Persistent Identifier
ECONOMIC SERIES: 153
ITEM 1 Issue of Afforestation Bill For the Prevention of Deforestation - Nippon Sangyo Keizai - 10 Jan 46. Translator: R. Shibata.
Full Translation:
For the purpose of preventing deforestation which may have been caused by the reckless
cutting down of trees during the war,
the Department of Agriculture and Forestry will bear one-half the amount of reforestation
expenditures by issuing a
Reforestation Bill based on the Forest Resources Fostering Law (SHINRIN SHIGEN ZOSKI
HO). The new measure will be effective in
January and will be carried on in the following way:
Those who wish to reforest on a definite piece of land which has been deforested
must pay half the amount of reforestation
expenditures to the Central Depository (CHUO KINKO). In return, the Depository will
issue a bill for the total amount of
expenditures to be paid by the one who undertakes the project. When reforestation
is completed, the total amount of the bill
will be paid to the Depository of which the Government will pay half. In this system,
the reforestation expenditure is
estimated at 350 yen on an average per chobu, and the Bill is limited to 300,000,000
yen. The area for reforestation is
scheduled to be 1770,000 chobu (about 4,336,500 acres). During 1945, 144,400 chobu
(about 353,780 acres) were scheduled for
reforestation, and in 1946, 279,200 chobu (about 684,040 acres) are scheduled to be
reforested.
ITEM 2 Farmland Readjustment And Trend Of Rural Communities; Village Chief Participates In False Sale Contract-Tenant Farms Suffer from Land Deprivation - Tokyo Shimbun - 10 Jan 46. Translator: H. Sato.
Summary:
What are the conclusions on the present Farmland Readjustment Law? Restriction of
land-owning to an average of 5 chobu and the
eradication of the so-called "Absentee land owners" are the reforms fundamental in
bringing about wholesome rural communities.
What is the real trend? We now take up some phases of this problem in the KANTO District:
IBARAKI Prefecture: The Farmland Readjustment Law has brought forth unusual reflections
on the rural communities. Land owners
are doing all they can to escape the forth coming compulsory buying and selling of
their land at black market prices. Those
who applied to the Prefectural authorities to buy independent farms numbered more
than 1000 up to the end of last year, and
most of them were those who had made profitable purchase of land with money gained
by black marketing. This is a deliberate
attempt by land owners to evade the new law. An instance was discovered where an application
for a sale contract was made
wherein the buyer pretended to be a tenant farmer, and the village chief's false statement
was affixed to the document.
Another prevailing trouble is that the new owners are depriving the tenant farmers
of land. There are more than 200 such cares
a month.
ECONOMIC SERIES: 153 (Continued)
ITEM 2 (Continued)
An example of a commendable act of land owners took place in YAMANOSOMURA, NIIHARI-Gun,
I[illegible]AEAKI-Ken. By the good offices of the village chief, Mr. MAENO, and the leader of
the Committee of the League of Young Men,
Mr. KAMIBAYA, all tenant farmers of that village are becoming independent farmers
and are getting the wholehearted support of
Mr. KOMURA, Tasuke, and 4 other land owners.
In GUNMA-Ken, there occurs a successive setting up of family control by land owners'
sons. Tenant farmers are suffering under
those land owners who try to deprive them of the land. Setting up a "branch family
control", they pretend to make their
underaged sons cultivate the soil. There are some land owners who are selling their
land to avoid the heavy tax which may
arise because of the burden of expenditure assumed by the Government.
KAMAGAWA Prefecture: To sum up the wishes of the owners of farm land of this prefecture,
it must be said they are simply bent
on "how to evade the network of law". This trend is specially marked in the smaller
land owners situated near the big cities,
such as YOKOHAMA, KAWASAKI, etc. These smaller scale land owners are eager to do farming
themselves and quickly began to
deprive tenant farmers of land.
Main point in the demands by land owners are that they desire farm rent to be paid
in rice as well as money. They may sell the
tenant farm at the current price, but they wish to contract only at present, and would
like to settle the transaction with new
yen. The question is whether or not it is possible to save a tenant farm from being
compulsorily bought by changing it into a
residence lot. There is also a trend that tenant farmers are eagerly buying land while
the land owners are busily engaged in
diposing of their land.
Along with the initiation of the system of independent farmers, the time is gradually
ripening for the formation of farmers
unions and young farming men's leagues. Attention is being paid to the formation of
the KONO Farmers' Union and the formation
of the Young Farming Men's League, with the aim of democratizing rural communities
now being accomplished in SAGAMIHARA-machi
KOZA-Gun, which was once called a military city.
ITEM 3 Ibaragi-Ken To Tax Black-Marketeers Heavily - Tokyo Shimbun (Tokyo) - 10 Jan 46. Translator: T. Ukai.
Full Translation:
One of the main causes that led some depraved producers to be very uncooperative
in delivering rice to the Government is the
tendency to take their crops to black-markets and make easy profit. The prefectural
authorities of IBARAGI, in order to
discourage the tendency, have decided to impose a tax on the easy profits of these
black-marketeers. It has begun to prepare a
list of them and taxation offices in the prefecture are showing co-operative enthusiasm
about it. The taxing of
black-marketeers is unique and is to be done for the first time in this prefecture.
Chief of the Taxation Office at UTSUNO-Miya remarked, "First of all I should, like
to draw attention to the fact that the
taxes are not imposed on those who cannot afford to deliver rice in any way on account
of a very short crop. But, those who
have refused to deliver despite their actual holdings are liable to the new tax. We
may be right in assuming that they had had
easy gains. Their gains shall be partly confiscated in this way. We shall be very
careful in preparing the list, for it must
serve as a basis for the new taxation."
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ECONOMIC SERIES: 153 (Continued)
ITEM 4 20 Billion Yen Additional Revenue Expected From New Taxes - Nippon Sangyo Keizai - 20 Jan 46. Translator: Y. Kurata.
Summary:
It in reported that the Finance Ministry is now planning a bill for increasing the
state revenue for the 1946 fiscal year by
about 20 billion yen, either by increased tax levy or by increasing the price of tobacco
and selling new tobacco, such as
"Peace" and "Corona".
The Bill is based upon the following fundamental policies: 1. To stabilize the livelihood
of the people and to take steps to
equalize incomes in view of the general price situation; 2. To reconvert to normalcy
the high level of war taxes, and at the
same time abolish inadequate taxation to comply with the present general price and
commodity situation; 3. To readjust the
tax-levying system; 4. To base the indirect tax principally upon the specific duty
instead of the ad valorem duty.
It is also expected that earned income will be taxed at a lower rate then such incomes
as derived from real estate, dividend
and profit incomes, and business incomes. The amount of basic exemption will be raised
from 50 yen to 70 or 100 yen, and the
exemption for family allowance will be likewise raised from 2 yen to 3 yen every member
of the family while the exemption
limit of the general income will be fixed at around ten thousand yen.
Among the direct taxes, other than income, which are likely to be raised, are register
and inheritance taxes. The wine tax
will be doubled. As for other indirect taxes, some will be raised to a certain extent,
while others will be abolished.
ITEM 5 A Nation-wide Organization to Solve Teachers' Purchasing Problem - Nippon Sangyo Keizai - 11 Jan 46. Translator: S. Iwata.
Full Translation:
The Japan Educational Association (DAI NIPPON KYOIKUKAI) plans to establish a nation-wide
organization to solve those
purchasing problems which vitally concern the livelihood of teachers. The main purpose
is to improve the welfare of teachers
of the Nation's elementary and middle schools. The organization consists of a head
office and main branch offices in TOKYO,
and subsidiary branch offices in all prefectures.
There will be unit offices in the five greater cities as well as other towns. These
main branch offices, subsidiary offices,
and unit offices will consider actual livelihood problems, such as co-operative purchasing
of food and fuel, exchange of
special products of certain districts, housing accomodations, and repair of watches
and radios.
At present there are some districts which are dealing with these problems on a small
scale.
In the future the association will start by the consideration of problems which are
practical and have possible solutions. The
head office will direct the allocation of funds.
ITEM 6 For Fair Taxation - Cash, Deposits, Savings, etc. Shall be certified - Nippon Sangyo Keizai - 11 Jan 46. Translator: T. Ukai.
Summary:
In imposing a tax on cash, deposits, loans, securities, etc., in accordance with
the taxing of property, etc., the following
items are presented by the Finance Ministry to the public for consideration:
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ECONOMIC SERIES: 153 (Continued)
ITEM 6 (Continued)
- 1.The amount on hand, on the day of investigation of the property tax, deposits and savings in banks, post offices, agricultural associations, credit associations in city areas, etc. shall he reported by those concerned to the taxation offices on the same day or within a certain fixed period of time.
- 2.The amount on hand, on the day of investigation of property tax, national loans, local loans, debentures, bearer shares, etc., shall be reported by those concerned to the Government on the same day of investigation or within a certain limited period of time.
- 3.Reports on deposits and savings shall be accompanied by notes of authentication; reports on public loans or debentures shall be brought to banking houses (inclusive of pest offices).
- 4.Banking houses shall make certain that the reports are correct and will register them. They are then to be returned to those who submitted them.
- 5.Those who report to these banking houses, shall identify themselves by notes of anthenication.
- 6.Those who report shall not draw deposits or savings, or redeem securities that are not registered.
- 7.Those who fail to send in reports, because of some unavoidable cercumstances, etc., shall be properly provided for.
- 8.Profits secured from unregistered deposits, savings, securities, etc., shall be counted as part of the national revenue.
DISTRIBUTION "X"
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