Ebenezer Cleveland, journal, 1768 October 18

Author Cleveland, Ebenezer[pers0131.ocp]

18 October 1768[1768-10-18]

Call Number768568.1

[note (type: abstract): Cleveland reports on the Indian Congress at Fort Stanwix.][note (type: handwriting): The document is written in Wheelock’s hand; it is informal, small and cramped. The signature appears to be in Cleveland's hand.][note (type: paper): Large single sheet is in poor condition, with heavy staining, creasing and wear that results in some loss of text. There is also damage from remnants of tape along both sides and the bottom. There is some tape remaining on the central horizontal crease.][note (type: ink): Black ink is faded in spots.][note (type: noteworthy): This document is possibly a copy or draft.]
Persistent Identifier

Lebanon[place0122.ocp] [Oct.r | October]Oct.rOctober 18. 1768

In [purſuance | pursuance]purſuancepursuance of a [Commiſsn | Commission]CommiſsnCommission [& | and]&and orders [rec.d | received]rec.dreceived
from the [Revd | Rev.]RevdRev. [Doctr | Dr.]DoctrDr. Wheelock[pers0036.ocp] I [Sat | set]Satset out with [M.r | Mr.]M.rMr. [Allen | Allyn]AllenAllyn Mather[pers0361.ocp] on a
Tour to wait upon [above] [ye | the]yethe [honble | honorable]honblehonorable[ye | the]yethe [honble | honorable]honblehonorable Sir William [Johnſon | Johnson]JohnſonJohnson[pers0292.ocp] Baronet [Superintendant | Superintendent]SuperintendantSuperintendent of
Indian [above] affairsaffairs in North America[place0170.ocp], and their Excellencies the [Governers | governors]Governersgovernors of the
Several Provinces [concernd | concerned]concerndconcerned in [above] the [Buſineſs | business]Buſineſsbusiness ofthe [Buſineſs | business]Buſineſsbusiness of the [Congreſs | congress]Congreſscongress of the Several Tribes and [below] herehere
[illegible]Convened by Sir William[pers0292.ocp]s Order at Fort Stanwix[place0081.ocp], with a Memorial to the
[Sd | said]Sdsaid Governors [above] [&c | etc.]&cetc.[&c | etc.]&cetc. from [Doct.r | Dr.]Doct.rDr. Wheelock[pers0036.ocp] in favour of thise [Deſign | design]Deſigndesign of Introdu‐
‐cing [Miſsionaries | missionaries]Miſsionariesmissionaries [& | and]&and School[above] [maſters | masters]maſtersmasters[maſters | masters]maſtersmasters among their Remote Tribes. [&c. | etc.]&c.etc.
We arrived at Fort Stanwix[place0081.ocp] [Octr | October]OctrOctober 25[1768-10-25]. and found the Six Nations[org0090.ocp]; Some
Delawares[org0038.ocp], [Shawaneſe | Shawnees]ShawaneſeShawnees[org0089.ocp], and Some from [Cognawaga | Kahnawake]CognawagaKahnawake[place0043.ocp] [& | and]&and others to the Number of
more than three [Thouſand | thousand]Thouſandthousand [above] 31203120. Condolation of their [Loſs | loss]Loſsloss of a Number of their Chief men,
and mutual [Speaches | Speeches]SpeachesSpeeches and Belts of Peace to Strengthen [& | and]&and brighten the chain of [Friendſhip | friendship]Friendſhipfriendship,
which was the [Buſineſs | business]Buſineſsbusiness of two Days, being [paſt | past]paſtpast. I Soon found the Attention of the
[Cheifs | chiefs]Cheifschiefs to the [Buſineſs | business]Buſineſsbusiness of the [Congreſs | congress]Congreſscongress, was Such, as forbid any treaty with them [above] [publickly | publicly]publicklypublicly on [mattrs | matters]mattrsmatters of Religion,[publickly | publicly]publicklypublicly on [mattrs | matters]mattrsmatters of Religion, [till | 'til]till'til [illegible]
that was [finiſhed | finished]finiſhedfinished. I continued eleven days and [converſed | conversed]converſedconversed with Numbers and
ma[illegible][guess (h-dawnd): k]kde Several [obſervations | observations]obſervationsobservations on the great difficulties [& | and]&and [Embarraſsments | embarrassments]Embarraſsmentsembarrassments in the
way to [above] [ye | the]yethe[ye | the]yethe [chriſtianizing | Christianizing]chriſtianizingChristianizing them. 1. Such a long [Cuſtom | custom]Cuſtomcustom to [above] inin their Savages [Practiſes | practices]Practiſespractices — as
has made them even a [2.d | second]2.dsecond Nature and Such [atachment | attachment]atachmentattachment to them as nothing but
the Power of Divine Grace can [altar | alter]altaralter. — 2. their Manner of living [above] beingbeing Such as
Naturally creates and promotes [above] in [ym | them]ymthemin [ym | them]ymthem an [inſatiable | insatiable]inſatiableinsatiable [thirſt | thirst]thirſtthirst for Strong Drink. So that
the Nearer [above] they live tothey live to their [almoſt | almost]almoſtalmost Heathen [Uropean | European]UropeanEuropean [Neighbours | neighbors]Neighboursneighbors come to them and the more
of their Traders deal among them the [Worſe | worse]Worſeworse and more Wretched they are made
and [unleſs | unless]unleſsunless this evil can be [remidied | remedied ]remidiedremedied they [muſt | must]muſtmust continue to [Waſt | waste]Waſtwaste away as the
Dew before the [riſing | rising]riſingrising Sun.
3. [above] The Generality ofThe Generality of Their [Neareſt | nearest]Neareſtnearest [Uropean | European]UropeanEuropean [Neighbours | neighbors]Neighboursneighbors appearing to be far from any [deſire | desire]deſiredesire to promote
true Religion and [above] or So much asor So much as civilization among them, their Traders continually preying upon
them, and [above] somesome Gentlemen [illegible]of Character who treat with them upon important Secular
affairs, and [whoſe | whose]whoſewhose Examples are [moſt | most]moſtmost likely to influence them, being Irreligious
[& | and]&and [debauchd | debauched]debauchddebauched, taking their females into their [Laſciveous | lascivious]Laſciveouslascivious [above] impureimpure Embraces [&c | etc.]&cetc. [&c | etc.]&cetc. gives them
a bad Idea of the people who [profeſs | profess]profeſsprofess the knowledge of the True God, and naturally
Settles them in [above] aa better opinion of their [Paganiſm | paganism]Paganiſmpaganism which has not So much Debauchery
in it — and [above] inin an [abhorrance | abhorrence]abhorranceabhorrence of the [chriſtian | christian]chriſtianchristian Religion.
4. The Tribes who live [Neareſt | nearest]Neareſtnearest [above] [& | and]&and [moſt | most]moſtmost [exposd | exposed]exposdexposed[& | and]&and [moſt | most]moſtmost [exposd | exposed]exposdexposed to Europeans being [moſt | most]moſtmost [Exposd | exposed]Exposdexposed, and much the
[moſt | most]moſtmost corrupted thereby much [above] greatlygreatly [increaſes | increases]increaſesincreases the Prejudices of remoter Nations [above] TribesTribes
who [illegible]have not able [above] [understg | understanding]understgunderstanding enough and [Scarſely | scarcely]Scarſelyscarcely opportunity if they had.[understg | understanding]understgunderstanding enough and [Scarſely | scarcely]Scarſelyscarcely opportunity if they had. to [diſtinguiſh | distinguish]diſtinguiſhdistinguish between those who are truly religious [& | and]&and Such
as may hardly [above] [deſerve | deserve]deſervedeserve[deſerve | deserve]deſervedeserve [illegible][guess (h-dawnd): bear]bear the [chriſtian | christian]chriſtianchristian Name.— Sir William [Johnſon | Johnson]JohnſonJohnson[pers0292.ocp] told me that
me that Some of the [cheifs | chiefs]cheifschiefs with Whom he [converſed | conversed]converſedconversed [above] on [y.e | the]y.ethe Headon [y.e | the]y.ethe Head objected that [illegible][guess (h-dawnd): [Badneſs | badness]Badneſsbadness of][Badneſs | badness]Badneſsbadness of [above] thatthat the
[Mohocks | Mohawks]MohocksMohawks[org0062.ocp] [above] who are Surrounded by Such white [ppll | people]ppllpeoplewho are Surrounded by Such white [ppll | people]ppllpeople who have had the Gospel preached to them more than Others were made
[worſe | worse]worſeworse by it, and that they [themſelves | themselves]themſelvesthemselves were waiting to See a better Effect before
they would Embrace [above] receivereceive the Gospel.
But on the Other hand there were Some things that [above] whichwhich appeared not a little
[Incouraging | encouraging]Incouragingencouraging. 1. that the [Onoidas | Oneidas]OnoidasOneidas[org0075.ocp] to Whom the Gospel has been [Succeſsfully | successfully]Succeſsfullysuccessfully [preachd | preached]preachdpreached
encamped by [themſelves | themselves]themſelvesthemselves and looked behaved [& | and]&and [talkd | talked]talkdtalked like [Chriſtians | Christians]ChriſtiansChristians, excepting a few of them
their air, and Temper was [modeſt | modest]modeſtmodest, kind, humble [&c | etc.]&cetc. [inſomuch | insomuch]inſomuchinsomuch that Strangers took notice
of it, a Number of them [appeard | appeared]appeardappeared much grieved [& | and]&and their [above] Souls vexedSouls vexed Hearts [depreſsd | depressed]depreſsddepressed on [accot | account]accotaccount of the
[wickedneſs | wickedness]wickedneſswickedness [y.t | that]y.tthat was committed round about them. I [diſcourſed | discoursed]diſcourſeddiscoursed with a Number of them
of the things of Religion, [& | and]&and they [Seemd | seemed]Seemdseemed glad of the Opportunity, and [Appeard | appeared]Appeardappeared to be
truly [& | and]&and genuinely Affected with the Same. Which appeared to me [above] I [tho't | thought]tho'tthoughtI [tho't | thought]tho'tthought abundantly to [com
‐penſated | com‐
pensated]
com
‐penſated
com‐
pensated
all Charge [above] the [Labr | labor]Labrlaborthe [Labr | labor]Labrlabor [& | and]&and [Expence | expense]Expenceexpense for them we [therto | thereto]thertothereto [beſtowed | bestowed]beſtowedbestowed for them.—
2. [illegible]By private [converſation | conversation]converſationconversation with the [Cheifs | chiefs]Cheifschiefs of Several Tribes they [appeard | appeared]appeardappeared willing to
have [Miſsionaries | missionaries]Miſsionariesmissionaries [& | and]&and [School Maſters | schoolmasters]School Maſtersschoolmasters come among them. And [choſe | chose]choſechose that they
Should come [above] upon their Groundupon their Ground in order to Settle the Affair of their Receiving them, as the
[Buſineſs | business]Buſineſsbusiness of [ye | the]yethe [congreſs | congress]congreſscongress would not allow them then to [conſult | consult]conſultconsult [& | and]&and deliberat[gap: tear][guess (h-dawnd): e]e
[gap: tear] it at that Time. Towards the close of [ye | the]yethe [congreſs | congress]congreſscongress [M.r | Mr.]M.rMr. Kir[gap: tear][guess (h-dawnd): tland]tland[pers0315.ocp]
[gap: tear][guess (h-dawnd): Chr]Chr[iſtian | istian]iſtianistian Indians received him with all [poſsible | possible]poſsiblepossible [Expreſsions | expressions]Expreſsionsexpressions of Joy. his [gap: tear]
The Seneca General[pers1810.ocp] who had behaved [himſelf | himself]himſelfhimself well in the [congreſs | congress]congreſscongress, [Seemd | seemed]Seemdseemed much animated by
[above] his cominghis coming and Solicited him, as did others of the Senecas[org0088.ocp] to [viſit | visit]viſitvisit that Tribe again. —
I also Saw one from [illegible][guess (h-dawnd): [Cochnawaga | Kahnawake]CochnawagaKahnawake][Cochnawaga | Kahnawake]CochnawagaKahnawake[place0043.ocp] near Montreal[place0145.ocp], who [deſired | desired]deſireddesired to know if he could
get his Son into [D.r | Dr.]D.rDr. Wheelocks School[org0098.ocp], and [manifeſted | manifested]manifeſtedmanifested a great [deſire | desire]deſiredesire to Send him
I told him there was talk of the School[org0098.ocp]'s going to [cowas | Coos]cowasCoos[place0044.ocp]. he Said if it [ſhod | should]ſhodshould
be [fixd | fixed]fixdfixed there he [beleived | believed]beleivedbelieved that many of that Tribe [wod | would]wodwould Send [y.r | their]y.rtheir children to it.
— while the [Buſineſs | business]Buſineſsbusiness of The [Congreſs | congress]Congreſscongress [laſted | lasted]laſtedlasted Rum was withheld, and [illegible][modderation | moderation]modderationmoderation
harmony [& | and]&and decency was [maintaind | maintained]maintaindmaintained through the whole. [y.e | The]y.eThe whole was conducted
with great Deliberation and great care taken to [above] [y.t | that]y.tthat all parties [ſhod | should]ſhodshould[y.t | that]y.tthat all parties [ſhod | should]ſhodshould be mutually [underſtood | understood]underſtoodunderstood
when the [Buſineſs | business]Buſineſsbusiness of the [Congreſs | congress]Congreſscongress was Ended before the Treat [above] RumRum was given out to them
Sir William [Johnſon | Johnson]JohnſonJohnson[pers0292.ocp] [above] [& | and]&and[& | and]&and his Family and removed in the Night and [adviſed | advised]adviſedadvised that it was
[Safeſt | safest]Safeſtsafest for all [ye | the]yethe [Engliſh | English]EngliſhEnglish to remove as Soon as they could which they accordingly
did. I tarried [till | 'til]till'til about 10' [oClock | o'clock]oClocko'clock in [ye | the]yethe morning [above] it being [Sabath | Sabbath]SabathSabbath Dayit being [Sabath | Sabbath]SabathSabbath Day when the Rum had been
delivered out about [above] not more thannot more than two hours, in [conſequence | consequence]conſequenceconsequence of which I beheld a Scene too
[awfull | awful]awfullawful [& | and]&and horrid to [deſcribe | describe]deſcribedescribe. the Whole [Streat | street]Streatstreet [& | and]&and place of Parade was [filld | filled]filldfilled with
[Drunkeneſs | drunkenness]Drunkeneſsdrunkenness nothing to be heard or Seen but [hollaring | hollering]hollaringhollering Yelling and fighting as [tho' | though]tho'though
hell [itſelf | itself]itſelfitself had broke [looſe | loose]looſeloose, in which we heard that four were [killd | killed]killdkilled before we came
away [above] [& | and]&and in this the [Mohocks | Mohawks]MohocksMohawks[org0062.ocp] were not behind any of their Brethren[& | and]&and in this the [Mohocks | Mohawks]MohocksMohawks[org0062.ocp] were not behind any of their Brethren — here the [Behaviour | behavior]Behaviourbehavior of the few Sober and godly [perſons | persons]perſonspersons among them did
in the [Strangeſt | strangest]Strangeſtstrangest Light exemplify those metaphors [above] used for Such a [purpoſe | purpose]purpoſepurpose viz.used for Such a [purpoſe | purpose]purpoſepurpose viz. as the Apple Tree among the
Trees of the wood [&c | etc.]&cetc.: as the [lilly | lily]lillylily among Thorns — as Sheep Among Wolves. [&c | etc.]&cetc.
and they Separated [above] [themſelves | themselves]themſelvesthemselves[themſelves | themselves]themſelvesthemselves from among them as [faſt | fast]faſtfast as they could. — this Scene as it
was no more than was [above] isis common upon Such [occaſions | occasions]occaſionsoccasions. led me to the [pleaſing | pleasing]pleaſingpleasing [con‐
‐ſideration | con‐
sideration]
con‐
‐ſideration
con‐
sideration
3. that they had in this [Congreſs | congress]Congreſscongress alienated Such a large Body of their Lands that
they would not likely have the like [Occaſion | occasion]Occaſionoccasion [above] for a [Congreſs | congress]Congreſscongressfor a [Congreſs | congress]Congreſscongress for many Years to come, and the
[Mohocks | Mohawks]MohocksMohawks[org0062.ocp]
who were the [worſt | worst]worſtworst of the Tribes, will likely never have another [above] occasionoccasion as
all the[illegible][guess (h-dawnd): [se][se Lands [above] they can Sparethey can Spare are now [illegible][guess (h-dawnd): [abt | about]abtabout][abt | about]abtabout gone. The Lands they Sold (as I was [informd | informed]informdinformed) was [abot | about]abotabout
800 miles in Length [& | and]&and 100 in [Bredth | breadth]Bredthbreadth.
The Religious Indians of [Kanawarohare | Kanawalohale]KanawarohareKanawalohale[place0114.ocp] [Seemd | seemed]Seemdseemed much afraid that great [miſcheif | mischief]miſcheifmischief
would be done [above] to themto them by the Tribes who were to return [thro' | through]thro'through that Town.—
and Upon the whole it fully [above] asas [appeard | appeared]appeardappeared that Whoever [ingages | engages]ingagesengages in the Work of [chriſt
‐ianizing | Christ‐
ianizing]
chriſt
‐ianizing
Christ‐
ianizing
them have not only to encounter [above] not onlynot only perils from [y.e | the]y.ethe heathen but perils
from [falſe | false]falſefalse Brethren, and Such [obſtinate | obstinate]obſtinateobstinate prejudices, and [mountanous | mountainous]mountanousmountainous Difficulties
as that the Remnant that are Saved will commonly appear to be Brands [pluckd | plucked]pluckdplucked
out of the Burning.
[ſir | Sir]ſirSir [Wm | William]WmWilliam [Johnſon | Johnson]JohnſonJohnson[pers0292.ocp] renewed the [above] hishis [Teſtimonials | testimonials]Teſtimonialstestimonials of his [Friendſhip | friendship]Friendſhipfriendship to the [Deſign | design]Deſigndesign
and his [promiſe | promise]promiſepromise to countenance and Suitably encourage [above] allall Such [Miſsionaries | missionaries]Miſsionariesmissionaries and
[School Maſters | schoolmasters]School Maſtersschoolmasters as [above] [D.r | Dr.]D.rDr. Wheelock[pers0036.ocp][D.r | Dr.]D.rDr. Wheelock[pers0036.ocp] Shall See fit to Send among them.
The foregoing is a [faithfull | faithful]faithfullfaithful [Repreſentation | representation]Repreſentationrepresentation of matters there[above] inin Related, according
to My [underſtanding | understanding]underſtandingunderstanding and [Apprehenſion | apprehension]Apprehenſionapprehensions of the Same in [Teſtimony | testimony]Teſtimonytestimony Whereof
I have [here unto | hereunto]here untohereunto Set my Hand this 21 Day of [Novemb.r | November]Novemb.rNovember 1768[1768-11-21].
[Closer]
[Ebenzer. | Ebenezer]Ebenzer.Ebenezer Cleaveland[pers0131.ocp]
[Trailer]
[Rev.d | Rev.]Rev.dRev. [M.r | Mr.]M.rMr. Cleveland[pers0131.ocp]'s
Journal at [ye | the]yethe [Congreſs | congress]Congreſscongress
[Oct.r | October]Oct.rOctober 18. 1768[1768-10-18].
Document Summary

People identified in this document:

id Text in document Role in header Authorized Name
pers0036.ocp Doct r Dr. Wheelock mentioned Wheelock, Eleazar
pers0361.ocp Allen Allyn Mather mentioned Mather, Allyn
pers0292.ocp Sir William Johnſon Johnson mentioned Johnson, William
pers0292.ocp Sir William mentioned Johnson, William
pers0036.ocp Doct. r Dr. Wheelock mentioned Wheelock, Eleazar
pers0315.ocp M. r Mr. Kir tland mentioned Kirkland, Samuel
pers1810.ocp Seneca General mentioned Cornplanter
pers0292.ocp ſir Sir W m William Johnſon Johnson mentioned Johnson, William
pers0036.ocp D. r Dr. Wheelock mentioned Wheelock, Eleazar
pers0131.ocp Ebenzer. Ebenezer Cleaveland writer Cleaveland, Ebenezer
pers0131.ocp M. r Mr. Cleveland writer Cleaveland, Ebenezer

Places identified in this document:

id Text in document Authorized Name
place0122.ocp Lebanon Lebanon
place0170.ocp North America North America
place0081.ocp Fort Stanwix Fort Stanwix
place0043.ocp Cognawaga Kahnawake Kahnawake
place0043.ocp Cochnawaga Kahnawake Kahnawake
place0145.ocp Montreal Montreal
place0044.ocp cowas Coos Coos
place0114.ocp Kanawarohare Kanawalohale Kanawalohale

Organizations identified in this document:

id Text in document Authorized Name
org0090.ocp Six Nations Six Nations
org0038.ocp Delawares Delaware Tribe
org0089.ocp ShawaneſeShawnees Shawnee Tribe
org0062.ocp MohocksMohawks Mohawk Nation
org0075.ocp OnoidasOneidas Oneida Nation
org0088.ocp the Senecas Seneca Nation
org0098.ocp D.rDr. Wheelocks School Moor’s Indian Charity School
org0098.ocp the School Moor’s Indian Charity School
org0062.ocp the MohocksMohawks Mohawk Nation
org0062.ocp the MohocksMohawks Mohawk Nation

Dates identified in this document:

Standard Form Text
1768-10-25 OctrOctober 25
1768-11-21 21 Day of Novemb.rNovember 1768
1768-10-18 Oct.rOctober 18. 1768

Regularized text:

Type Original Regularized
modernization purſuance pursuance
modernization Revd Rev.
modernization Doctr Dr.
variation Sat set
modernization M.r Mr.
variation Allen Allyn
modernization ye the
modernization Johnſon Johnson
variation Superintendant Superintendent
variation Governers governors
modernization Buſineſs business
modernization Congreſs congress
modernization &c etc.
modernization Doct.r Dr.
modernization Deſign design
modernization Miſsionaries missionaries
modernization maſters masters
modernization &c. etc.
variation Shawaneſe Shawnees
variation Cognawaga Kahnawake
modernization Thouſand thousand
modernization Loſs loss
variation Speaches Speeches
modernization Friendſhip friendship
modernization paſt past
variation Cheifs chiefs
variation publickly publicly
variation till 'til
modernization finiſhed finished
modernization converſed conversed
modernization obſervations observations
modernization Embarraſsments embarrassments
modernization chriſtianizing Christianizing
modernization Cuſtom custom
modernization Practiſes practices
variation atachment attachment
variation altar alter
modernization ym them
modernization inſatiable insatiable
modernization thirſt thirst
modernization almoſt almost
variation Uropean European
variation Neighbours neighbors
modernization Worſe worse
modernization unleſs unless
variation remidied remedied
modernization muſt must
modernization Waſt waste
modernization riſing rising
modernization Neareſt nearest
modernization deſire desire
modernization whoſe whose
modernization moſt most
modernization Laſciveous lascivious
modernization profeſs profess
modernization Paganiſm paganism
variation abhorrance abhorrence
modernization chriſtian christian
modernization increaſes increases
modernization Scarſely scarcely
modernization diſtinguiſh distinguish
modernization deſerve deserve
variation cheifs chiefs
modernization y.e the
modernization Badneſs badness
variation Mohocks Mohawks
modernization worſe worse
modernization themſelves themselves
variation Incouraging encouraging
variation Onoidas Oneidas
modernization Succeſsfully successfully
modernization Chriſtians Christians
modernization modeſt modest
modernization inſomuch insomuch
modernization depreſsd depressed
modernization wickedneſs wickedness
modernization y.t that
modernization diſcourſed discoursed
modernization com
‐penſated
com‐
pensated
variation Expence expense
variation therto thereto
modernization beſtowed bestowed
modernization converſation conversation
variation School Maſters schoolmasters
modernization choſe chose
modernization congreſs congress
modernization conſult consult
modernization iſtian istian
modernization poſsible possible
modernization Expreſsions expressions
modernization himſelf himself
modernization viſit visit
variation Cochnawaga Kahnawake
modernization deſired desired
modernization D.r Dr.
modernization manifeſted manifested
variation cowas Coos
modernization ſhod should
variation beleived believed
modernization y.r their
modernization laſted lasted
variation modderation moderation
modernization y.e The
modernization underſtood understood
modernization adviſed advised
modernization Safeſt safest
modernization Engliſh English
variation oClock o'clock
variation Sabath Sabbath
modernization conſequence consequence
variation awfull awful
modernization deſcribe describe
variation Streat street
modernization Drunkeneſs drunkenness
variation hollaring hollering
modernization itſelf itself
modernization looſe loose
variation Behaviour behavior
modernization perſons persons
modernization Strangeſt strangest
modernization purpoſe purpose
variation lilly lily
modernization faſt fast
modernization occaſions occasions
modernization pleaſing pleasing
modernization con‐
‐ſideration
con‐
sideration
modernization Occaſion occasion
modernization worſt worst
variation Bredth breadth
variation Kanawarohare Kanawalohale
modernization miſcheif mischief
variation ingages engages
modernization chriſt
‐ianizing
Christ‐
ianizing
modernization falſe false
modernization obſtinate obstinate
variation mountanous mountainous
modernization ſir Sir
modernization Teſtimonials testimonials
modernization promiſe promise
variation faithfull faithful
modernization Repreſentation representation
modernization underſtanding understanding
modernization Apprehenſion apprehension
modernization Teſtimony testimony
variation here unto hereunto
variation Ebenzer. Ebenezer
modernization Rev.d Rev.

Expanded abbreviations:

Abbreviation Expansion
Oct.r October
Commiſsn Commission
& and
rec.d received
honble honorable
concernd concerned
Sd said
Octr October
mattrs matters
2.d second
debauchd debauched
exposd exposed
Exposd exposed
understg understanding
ppll people
preachd preached
talkd talked
appeard appeared
accot account
Seemd seemed
Appeard appeared
tho't thought
Labr labor
fixd fixed
wod would
maintaind maintained
ſhod should
filld filled
tho' though
killd killed
abt about
informd informed
abot about
thro' through
pluckd plucked
Wm William
Novemb.r November

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