Press translations [Japan]. Social Series 0180, 1946-01-19.

Full Translation:

The pre-war army and navy hospitals have been transferred to the Ministry of Welfare since 1 December 1945, and started as civil hospitals. In HYOGO-Ken, there are six of them: the HYGO Hospital (the former OSAKA Second Army Hospital) in KAWAI-Mura, KATO-Gun; the KAKOGA Hospital (the former KAKOGAWA First Army Hospital) in OGAMI-Mura, KAKO-Gun; the KANNO Hospital (The former KAKOGAUA Second Army Hospital) in KANNO-Mura, KAKO-Gun; the SASAYAMA Hospital (the former SASAYAMA. Army Hospital, in SASAYAMA-Shi; the HIMEJI Hospital (the former HEIMEJI Army Hospital) in HIMEJI-Shi; and the NARUO Hospital (the former OSAKA Navy Hospital) in NARUO-Mura, MUKO-Gun.

The start of the HIMEJI Governmental Hospital was marked by its democratization and its hearty acceptance of civilian invalids, especially those from war devastated areas, as well as patients like former soldiers repatriates, and demobilized workers. The hospital gives free medical treatment to the destitute. It deals with medical, surgical, pediatric, obstetrical, gynaecology, and dental treatment and has a Nurses' Training School attached. The hospital is open to anyone if there is a vacant bed. For urgent cases, an ambulance is available and there is a physician, on night duty.

HAYASHI who is second in charge of the hospital, said that it had been completely changed since the end of the war, and that they were eager to help as many civilians as possible.

Full Translation:

A large criminal gang of railroad men has been arrested by the SEEDAI-KITA Police Station. The Chief of the band was SAKURAI, Shotaro (age 31), an assistant engine operator on the SENDAI Railroad Engineering Division. Thirteen others were also apprehended.

Their spoils have been discovered and they included more than 200 pieces of clothing and about 140 sho of rice, which they stole from freight trains or directly from passengers. They gained entry into the passengers before anyone else, by virture of their railroadmen's privilege, and with pretended kindness helped to take in the luggage and rucksacks of passengers, later passing them through the windows and escaping with them from the other side of the car. It also has been disclosed that after breaking into a warehouse of the State Railway they stole large quantities of gum-boots, railroadmen's uniforms, and gum-soled. Japanese socks. It is thought that further charges of theft will be brought against them.

SOCIAL SERIES: 180 (Continued)

ITEM: 3 On the Destruction of the Cyclotron - Jiji Shimbun - 16 Jan 46. Translator T. Ogawa.

Summary:

The name of the NISHINA Laboratory in the Physical and Chemical Research Institute has been known for its cyclotron and its study of atomic energy and cosmic rays making it the paramount laboratory in our scientific world. The world-famous cyclotron, however, because of JAPAN'S defeat, was destroyed, together with the equipment of the KIKUCHI Laboratory of OSAKA Imperial University and that of the FUJIOKA Laboratory of the KYOTO Imperial University, on 24 November. The reason was that this equipment might again promote warfare in the future.

At the press interview, given on 11 January by UNITED STATES War Secretary Robert PATTERSON, who is now visiting JAPAN, gave a very regrettable story regarding the destruction of the cyclotron.

On hearing of the destruction of the cyclotron, the War Secretary said, "I didn't know that any directive was issued ordering the destruction of the cyclotron, I will assume responsibility for that."

By this statement it was disclosed that this valuable equipment, which is now unobtainable, had been recklessly destroyed through some misunderstanding. The cyclotron's construction took ten long years of painstaking effort by 30 prominent scientists in our country. The laboratory was investigated on 20 November by personnel of the Allied Headquarters. On 24 November a platoon of the Allied Forces visited the laboratory again with two bulldozers. Upon telling the laboratory workers that they had orders to destroy the cyclotron, they started their work immediately. Thus two cyclotrons, large and small, were completely destroyed in a few hours.

The details of the misunderstanding, however, have not been clarified as yet. Professor NISHINA, Yoshio, supervisor of the laboratory, stated as follows:

"The reason why our cyclotrons should have been destroyed was not clear to me, so, accompanied by officials of the Central Liaison Office, I visited Allied Headquarters to ask the reason, just before the work was started. We were unable to get a definite answer then. They only told us that they would start their work because of a directive from higher authorities."

The misunderstanding is to be deeply lamented because the equipment was too gigantic to be reconstructed in the near future. Upon hearing this, Professor NISHINA stated on his sick bed:

"It was in the spring of 1944 that the cyclotron, the painstaking product of our scientists, was completed. It was a more severe blow to me than if I had lost my own child to see such a sad result, just when we were expecting to complete the most important part of our work. We made every effort to confirm the reasons for this destruction. The explanation then given us was that destruction was decided upon after fully considering the opinions of various scientists. So there was nothing we could do about it. Later I was told that strict protests were made to Mr. PATTERSON, the War Secretary, from Massachusettes Institute of Technology and Harvard University stating that "the destruction of the cyclotron meant the destruction of civilization. I am also told that they have even asked for the prompt dismissal of the officer who issued the destruction order. But, what's done cannot be undone; that's all I can say at present," the sick scientist concluded.

Summary:

At about 12:30 on 16 January, a boy was found strangled in an air-defense

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ITEM 4 (Continued)

cave surrounded by a concrete wall in a devasted area near MISONO-Machi, KABATA-ku. The dead boy was indentified as KONO, Seiichi (13), a first-year student at the YUWAKURA Railway School. It was also found that he had been robbed of 100 yen which he had had in his possession.

At about 1110 on 16 January, a naked woman between 20 to 30 years old was found dead in a burnt-out underground room in the branch-office of the TOYOKO Department Store, NAMIKI-Machi, SHIBUYA-ku.

At 1650 on 16 January Mr. SATO, Kazuo (22), an employee of the ITABASHI Taxation Office, leaped to death from the lavatory in the fifth floor of the TOKYO Theater. At 2340 on 16 January, a gang of three robbers broke into Mr. SHINOZAKI's house, No. 889 NUKUI-Machi, ITABASHI-ku, and threatened him with pistols, robbed him of 3,000 yen in cash and two overcoats. Two hours later a similar gang attacked Mr. NAODA and stole, among other things, 3,000 yen in cash.

At 2010 on the same day, a gang of four robbers entered the MUSASHINO Adjustment Section Office of the FUJISANGYO NISHI KUBO, MUSASHINO-Machi Company Lt., threatened Mr. KOBAYASHI and Mr. YOSHIDA, who were then on night duty, and stole about 70 overalls, 50 pairs of canvas shoes, bicycle tires, etc.

At 0030 on 17 January, two robbers broke into Mr. HARANISHI's at No. 4 Chome ASAKUSABASHI, ASAKUSA-ku and robbed him of 1570 yen in cash and a bicycle.

At 2:30 on 16 January Mr. KOBAYASHI, a resident at No, 1550 Nichiome NOGATA-Machi, NAKANO-Ku was attacked and robbed of 240 yen by a gang of three robbers, while he was passing No. 625 ARAI-Machi, on his way back home from NAKANO Station.

Summary:

"Save the Japanese in MANCHURIA from hunger and cold." This slogan is posted in the streets, giving the public the impression that the Japanese in MANCHURIA and KOREA are in a very miserable situation.

"But this is not true at all," said UMEDA, Terufumi, MORI, Ken, and YAMAHA, Ichiro, members of the Communist Party, who left YENAN and returned to JAPAN on 13 January after visiting KALGAN, HSINKING, HOTEN, HEIJO, and KEIJO.

The three communists stated further: "We visited KALGAN a month after the Chinese Communist Army occupied the city. The city was in good order. Traffic conditions were good and the many shops were carrying on business. There were about 50 Japanese in the city and they were in a hotel called KIKUYA. All the Japanese blamed the Japanese Army for its misconduct. The Japanese Army had been preparing for an attack by Soviet Troops, but the Chinese Communist Army attacked the Japanese Army, which fled toward PEKING, giving no aid to the civilians. Minister HATTA, and all his staff members, also fled. They told the civilians that no danger was expected, but secretly they had prepared to flee.

"A Japanese had sent his family to PEKING, but he remained in "KAIGN. The Chinese Array, knowing this, gave him food and traveling expenses to enable him to reach his family in PEKING.

"The Chinese Army gave food and jobs to Japanese engineers. The Chinese were very kind because they didn't hate the Japanese people who had been forced to fight by the Japanese Gumbatsu.

"In HSINKING, there were 170,000 Japanese, about 60,000 of which were

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refugees from the northern districts of MANCHURIA. The city was in disorder due to the outrageous conduct of the Manchurian Army, but now it is in a perfectly peaceful condition under the administration of the Soviet Army.

"The Japanese we met in this city said they were indignant toward the Japanese Army. The Public Peace Bureau, whose members were all Manchurian were taking charge of the public order. The Japanese People's Association aided refugees and gave them food. When we visited a primary school, in which the Japanese were dwelling, a Soviet military doctor was examining patients.

"The Japanese engineers were working for the railway, electric or water supply companies. The Communication Company was handed over to the Chinese Government and all Japanese employees were transferred to the Manchurian Railway Company. Several thousand Japanese worked in coal mines. In the streets we saw Japanese women walking along peacefully, and there were cabarets and open stalls for the Japanese.

ONODERA, Chairman of the Japanese People Association, was doing his utmost Children were being educated. It is very strange that the Japanese in MANCHURIA were rumored to be in a miserable condition.

"In MUKDEN, about 350,000 Japanese were in a similar situation. About 10,000 of them have petitioned the Soviet authorities to allow them to work in RUSSIA. There were societies to foster Russo-Japanese and Chinese-Japanese friendship. A hospital, which could accomodate 2,000 patients, was managed by the Japanese doctor; the Japanese had no uneasiness in case of sickness.

"In KOREA, the Japanese lived mainly in HEIJO, and were in good circumstances under the administration of the Soviet Army. No Japanese was injured by the Koreans. We saw many Japanese shopping at fish stores and confectioneries.

"Repatriates had no commodities and were in a very destitute condition, although not actually facing starvation. The president of HAKUAI Hospital was a Korean, but the other doctors were all Japanese.

"In conclusion, half of the Japanese wish to return to JAPAN, so steps must be taken to transport them home as soon as possible. The efforts of the Japanese Government are desired in this connection.

"The Japanese, because of their deligence, had good reputations as workers They realized that they could easily find jobs if they had no imperialist ideas."

DISTRIBUTION "X"

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