Press translations [Japan]. Economic Series 0152, 1946-01-12.
Date12 January, 1946
translation numbereconomic-0722
call numberDS801 .S81
Persistent Identifier
ECONOMIC SERIES: 152
ITEM 1 The Government's Plans on Food - The Mainichi Shimbun - Jan 9 46. Translator: R. Shibata
Summary:
The most urgent measure which the government should take will of course, involve
the food problem. The government, first of
all, is studying urgent measures against the winter drain of vegetables, shellfish,
fish and other foods. What is intended
next is an increase of staple food distribution. Minister MATSU URA, ordered the authorities
to make a concrete plan for
raising the present standard of rice distribution of 2.1 to 2.3 go. Of course, it
is difficult to put that into practice
instantly. The government will accomplish it as rapidly as possible when it has a
considerable quantity of rice in stock. It
goes without saying that a return to the distribution of 2.3 go requires an import
of foods amounting to 3,000,000 tons for
which a petition has been made to General Headquarters. In case imports from Allied
countries do not come in time for the
winter drain of food, the Government is considering some special distribution or intending
anyway to lighten the food
difficulty in some way.
The government's food plans are as follows:
Plan for Production in l946:
- 1. Rice —— The plan aims at the cultivation 2,966,000 chobu (about 7,266,700 acres) and the production of 57,566,000 koku. It is intended to increase the production per tan by practising land-improvements widely this winter. Besides, it is planed to distribute two kan of ammonium sulphate fertilizer per tan.
- 2. Wheat —— Seeding has already been finished sucessfully in most parts of the country excluding some districts in KYUSHU. The cultivated land will amount to more than 2,208,000 chobu. The aim of production is 218,94,000 koku. One kan of ammonium sulphate fertilizer per tan for wheat cultivation was distributed. But, fortunately, the weather has been favorable and crops have been growing up so well that abundant crops are expected this summer.
- 3. Peas and Beans —— The plan aims at the cultivation of 552,000 chobu and the production of 37773,000 koku. The authorities intend to increase the production by giving farmers technical guidance this year.
- 4. Cereals —— It is planned to cultivate 285,000 chobu and produce 2,893,000 koku.
- 5. Sweet Potatoes —— The plan aims at the cultivation of 512,000 chobu and the production of 1,662,000,000 kan. The authorities expect an increase in production by bringing up good saplings with a electrically heated seed-beds which is to be practised, this year, covering an area of 600,000 tsuo.
- ECONOMIC SERIES 152 (Continued) ITEM 1 (Continued)
- 6. Potatoes —— It is planned to cultivate 297,000 chobu and produce 667,000,000 kan. The authorities mopped out a, plan to import 1,500,000 bales of seed potatces and have been making every effort to put it into execution.
- 7. Vegetables —— It is aimed to cultivate 485,000 chobu and to produce 1,588,000 kan. It is intended to establish a self-supplying zone of vegetables around large cities and to let farmers cultivate the allotted area of land.
- 8. Powdered Foods —— It is planned to produce 1,000,000 koku of powder from unutilized resources such as sweet potato and mulberry leaves, acorns and the like.
- 9. Marine products —— The goal is a catch of 1,238,000,000 kan. The first requisite to attain this aim is the security of fishing boats. For this purpose, 330,000 tons of fishing boats are to be built or converted and oil will be secured by the good will of the Allied Forces.
Crop Delivery Conditions:
Last year, the weather was unfavorable at harvesting time and threshing was delayed
a month. Besidas, the notices for
allotments by the Department of Agriculture and Forestry were dispatched so late that
it was almost the beginning of November
before they reached the provincial offices. Farmers could not know how much to offer
until the beginning of December. In
addition, the black market purchasing by the people from cities and towns checked
farmers' deliveries. It is a fact that, for
these reasons crop deliveries have been very unsatisfactory. The requisitioned quantity
attained only 11 per cent or 2,925,000
koku by 12 December.
However, farmer are in a mood for offering most of the allotted amount by February,
the New Year of old lunar calender. So the
authorities have great expectation concerning the requistioned quantity in January.
To promote deliveries, the authorities are
distributing chemical fertilizer, rubber soled tabi, working clothes and other life
necessities in remuneration for rice
delivered. In addition, the authorities will improve the requisition system from this
year on in such a way that farmers will
offer their products willingly.
Control on Consumption:
The present distribution system has many contradictory points. For instance, the
false population figures still used in the
special distribution for laborers has been an obstacle in the management of distribution
to each household. This year a
drastic adjustment will be made in the special distribution for laborers, and the
false population figures will be swept away.
The present system of special distribution which is made at each place of employment
will be improved so as to be done
according to the type of work. Only these who work for the reconstruction of JAPAN
can receive, the specially added
distribution. The Minister of Agriculture and Forestry, MATSUMURA, stressed this point,
saying, "These who really work will
eat, without fail." The Department of Agriculture and Forestry intends to expose unfairness
in the distribution of rations to
households caused by the demobilization of soldiers and workers, and co-operate with
the authorities concerned. The Department
will make every effort to smooth out the management of distribution to each household
and not delay the distribution even a
day.
ITEM 2 Outlook for the Iron and Steel Industries - Nippon Sangyo Keizai Shimbun - 10 Jan 46. Translator: S Kineshita
Full Translation:
Iron and steel output, which began to dwindle in the middle of the war, has declined
very rapidly since the end of the war,
with the result.
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ECONOMIC SERIES 152 (Continued)
ITEM 2 (Continued)
that the total production during the third quarter of the 1945 fisial year reached
only 20 per cent of that scheduled. Due to
the coal shortage, the outlook for the fourth quarter is unprecedentedly bad.
The actual output of iron and steel during the third quarter was 26,456 metric tons
of pit iron end 18,960 metric tons of
steel, which means a tremendous drop from the 121,000 metric tons of pig iron and
155,000 metric tons of steel scheduled for
this quarter. The amount of steel distributed for industrial use during this quarter
was only 25,000 metric tons, or one sixth
of the 150,000 metric ton distribution program. The drop is mainly due to the coal
shortage. The coal situation has been
further aggravated of data, and the amount of coal scheduled to be supplied to the
iron and steel industry is only 50,000
metric tons, which is hardly enough to keep furnaces usable, under the circumstrances,
no iron and steel supply is expected
for the fourth quarter. Consequently, the peacetion production of civilian goods and
of collateral goods will be forced to
stop.
The actual production of iron and steel classified by factories is as follows:
October 1945 | November 1945 (in metric tons) | December 1945 | ||
YAWATA | Pig iron | 665 | 2,174 | 4,300 |
YAWATA | Steel | 1,112 | 5,199 | 5,200 |
WANISHI | Pig iron | 5,043 | 2,529 | 1,500 |
NIRCHATA | Pig iron | 3,860 | 2,985 | 3,400 |
KAMAISHI | Steal | 111 | 215 | 300 |
FUJI | Steal | 181 | 151 | 0 |
NIPPON KOKAN | ||||
KAWASAKI | Steel | 1,298 | 1,281 | 1,000 |
NIPPON KOKAN | ||||
TSURUMI | Steel | 258 | 0 | 500 |
TOTSUMIYA | Steel | 0 | 67 | 0 |
KOBE SEIKO | Steel | 0 | 330 | 500 |
SUMITOMO OSAKA | Steel | 0 | 50 | 0 |
SUMITOMO | ||||
AMAGASAKI | Steel | 0 | 204 | 0 |
MIYO | Steel | 0 | 413 | 500 |
ITEM 3 Peoples' Committees for Food Supervision - Mainich Shimbun - 10 Jan 46. Translator: B. Aoki
Summary:
The outlook on the food situation in JAPAN is everywhere very gloomy. However, the
recent spontaneous growth of "people's
committees" for the supervision of food supplies in cities, on the one hand, and "farmers'
committees" on the other, here have
begin to shod a ray of hope for the dispelling of this dismal outlook. All such movements
are still on the point of coming
into existence, but their latent significance cannot be underestimated. Some specific
cases of several of them will be
described
SHI[illegible]UOKA: Here on 29 October a mass meeting of war sufferers was held. This meeting firmly
demanded of the city authorities an assurance of food. As a result, the authorities
purchased and distributed 100,000 kan of
sweat potatoes. Encouraged by this initial success, there is now a strong desire to
organize a powerful committee of citizens
to supervise the food supply.
YOKOSUKA: YOKOSUKA is the site of the biggest navel base in JAPAN, Naturally, irregular
conduct by its inhabitants, including
many public officials were noticeable. This fact forced the honest citizens to awaken.
A people's committee for the
supervision of the food supply in the KURIHAWA Word of that city was organized on
26 December stimulated by the activities of
this committee in exposing illicit hoarding
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ECONOMIC SERIES 152 (Continued)
ITEM 3 (Continued)
of food by some people and other facts, there is now a move to make the committee
a city-wide body.
In the KURISHAMA Word, there has also been organized a fishermen's committee. This
is based upon the fishermen's labor union
and is planning direct contact with consumers in order to exchange produce between
them.
SAITAMA: ORIHARA -Mura of SAITAMA - Ken was formerly known for its esprit do corps,
but after the end of the war its excessive
regimentation caused a reaction on the part of general villagers, even the misconduct
of villages loaders has been exposed. A
meeting of protest was held on 20 November, which soon afterward was turned into a
farmer's committee. The committee now
virtually holds the agricultural association and village assembly under its control.
On the other hand, a consumer's co-operative has been formed in OSHI - Machi about
the same time. Now these two bodies in
ORIHARA and OSHI are in direct contact, so that the villagers supply firewood, charcoal
etc. in return for work shoes, work
clothes and other such things. The result is generally excellent, for both parties
have been released from the former practice
of forgaining over their produce in order to obtain what they actually wanted.
DISTRIBUTION "X"
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